喷雾干燥法制备玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊条件优化

赵彦巧; 王月; 孟翔宇; 李钰琨

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.01.013

喷雾干燥法制备玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊条件优化

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2021.01.013

天津商业大学生物技术与食品科学学院/天津市食品生物技术重点实验室，天津　300134

基金项目: 天津市科技支撑计划重点项目（19YFZCSN00010）；天津商业大学“国家级大学生创新创业训练计划”项目（201810069002）；天津商业大学“市级大学生创新创业训练计划”项目（202010069048）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵彦巧（1979−），女，博士，副教授，研究方向：天然产物的提取与分离（E-mail：yqzhao@tjcu.edu.cn）

通讯作者:
赵彦巧（1979−），女，博士，副教授，研究方向：天然产物的提取与分离（E-mail：yqzhao@tjcu.edu.cn）

中图分类号: TS 201
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-18
- 修回日期: 2020-10-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-31

Optimized Preparation of Spray-dried Anthocyanins Microcapsules

Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin　300134, China

摘要

摘要: 目的优化玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊喷雾干燥工艺，提高玫瑰茄花色苷的包埋率及稳定性。方法以阿拉伯树胶和麦芽糊精为壁材，玫瑰茄花色苷为芯材，采用单因素试验和响应面法优化玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊制备工艺条件，用扫描电镜观察花色苷微胶囊的微观形貌，考察其对光、热及金属的稳定性。结果玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊制备的最佳工艺参数为：麦芽糊精占总固形物质量分数70.0%，阿拉伯树胶占总固形物质量分数3.0%，玫瑰茄花色苷占总固形物质量分数7.0%，总固形物质量分数7.0%，喷雾干燥进风温度143℃，此条件下玫瑰茄花色苷的包埋率为97.11%。扫描电镜结果显示微胶囊呈圆球形，表面较光滑致密，无裂痕无孔洞。微胶囊玫瑰茄花色苷稳定性比较分析表明：在相同温度、相同光照条件下，玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊稳定性均明显高于纯化物；微胶囊化后花色苷在Cu²⁺和Zn²⁺中的稳定性得到明显改善。且玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊在4℃、避光以及避免与Cu²⁺和Zn²⁺接触的条件下稳定性最高。结论通过优化玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊制备工艺，可有效提高玫瑰茄花色苷的稳定性。
- 喷雾干燥法 /
- 玫瑰茄花青素 /
- 微胶囊 /
- 扫描电镜 /
- 稳定性
Abstract: Objective TPreparation of an spray-dried encapsulated anthocyanins from Hibiscus sabdariffa was optimized. Method Single factor experiment and response surface method were employed for the process optimization. Structure of the microcapsules was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Product stability under exposure of light, heat, and metal ions was determined. Results The optimum encapsulation used 7% total solids that consisted of 70% maltodextrin, 3% gum Arabic, and 7% H. sabdariffa anthocyanin, and the dehydration applied a spray-drying inlet-air temperature at 143 ℃. The resulting encapsulation rate reached 97.11%. Observed under SEM, the spherical microcapsules were smooth on the surface with no cracks or voids. Exposed to temperature or light, the microcapsules were significantly more stable than the purified anthocyanins. And, the product stability in the presence of Cu²⁺ or Zn²⁺ was also significantly improved by the process. A maximum shelf life of the product could be achieved by storing it at 4 ℃ in darkness and avoiding direct contact with Cu²⁺ or Zn²⁺. Conclusion H. sabdariffa anthocyanin microcapsules with a significantly improved shelf life were successfully prepared by the optimized microencapsulation and spray-drying.
- Spray-drying /
- Hibiscus sabdariffa anthocyanins /
- microcapsule /
- SEM /
- stability

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图 1 阿拉伯树胶占总固形物质量分数对微胶囊包埋率的影响

Figure 1. Effect of mass fraction of gum Arabic in total solids on encapsulation

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图 2 花色苷占总固形物质量分数对微胶囊包埋率的影响

Figure 2. Effect of mass fraction of anthocyanin in total solids on encapsulation

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图 3 总固形物质量分数对微胶囊包埋率的影响

Figure 3. Effect of total solid content on encapsulation

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图 4 进风温度对微胶囊包埋率的影响

Figure 4. Effect of spray-drying inlet-air temperature on encapsulation

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图 5 各因素交互作用对微胶囊包埋率影响的响应面图

Figure 5. Response surface contours showing interactions of various factors in microencapsulation

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图 6 玫瑰茄花色苷微胶囊的SEM图

Figure 6. SEM micrograph of H. sabdariffa anthocyanin microcapsule

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图 7 温度对微胶囊花色苷稳定性的影响

Figure 7. Effect of temperature on stability of anthocyanin microcapsules

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图 8 光照对微胶囊花色苷稳定性的影响

Figure 8. Effect of light on stability of anthocyanin microcapsules

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图 9 金属离子对微胶囊花色苷稳定性的影响

Figure 9. Effect of metal ions on stability of anthocyanin microcapsules

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表 1 响应面试验因素与水平

Table 1. Factors and levels of response surface design

水平 Level	因素 Factor
水平 Level	A阿拉伯胶占总固形物质量分数 Mass fraction of gum arabic in total solid/%	B花色苷占总固形物质量分数 Mass fraction of anthocyaninintotal solid/%	C 总固形物质量分数 Total solid mass fraction/ %	D进风温度 Inlet-air temperature/℃
−1	2	3	7	140
0	3	5	9	160
1	4	7	11	180

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表 2 响应面试验结果

Table 2. Results of response surface test

序号 No.	A阿拉伯树胶占总固形物质量分数 Mass fraction of gum arabic in total solid/%	B花色苷占总固形物质量分数 Mass fraction of anthocyanin in total solid/%	C总固形物质量分数 Total solid mass fraction/%	D进风温度 Inlet-air temperature/ ℃	Y包埋率 Embedding rate/%
1	−1	−1	0	0	94.20
2	−1	0	0	1	95.14
3	1	0	1	0	95.84
4	0	0	1	−1	93.51
5	−1	1	0	0	96.26
6	−1	0	−1	0	95.34
7	0	0	0	0	96.73
8	0	0	0	0	96.89
9	1	1	0	0	96.29
10	0	1	0	−1	97.25
11	0	−1	−1	0	96.45
12	0	−1	0	1	95.44
13	0	0	0	0	97.35
14	−1	0	1	0	95.17
15	0	0	0	0	96.30
16	0	0	−1	1	95.44
17	0	1	0	1	96.26
18	0	0	0	0	97.12
19	0	0	1	1	96.41
20	1	0	−1	0	96.84
21	0	−1	1	0	94.29
22	1	−1	0	0	95.90
23	1	0	0	−1	94.72
24	−1	0	0	−1	95.54
25	0	1	1	0	96.23
26	0	1	−1	0	97.25
27	0	−1	0	−1	94.62
28	1	0	0	1	96.88
29	0	0	−1	−1	96.37

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表 3 回归模型方差分析

Table 3. Analysis of variance on regression model

方差来源 Sources of variance	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 df	均方 Mean square	F值 F-value	P值 P-value	显著性 Significance
模型	＜0.0001	＜0.0001	1.84	9.87	＜0.0001	**
A阿拉伯树胶占总固形物质量分数	0.0061	0.0061	1.94	10.38	0.0061	**
B花色苷占总固形物质量分数	＜0.0001	＜0.0001	6.22	33.35	＜0.0001	**
C固形物质量分数	0.0009	0.0009	3.24	17.40	0.0009	**
D进风温度	0.0321	0.0321	1.06	5.66	0.0321	*
AB	0.0737	0.0737	0.70	3.74	0.0737
AC	0.3529	0.3529	0.17	0.92	0.3529
AD	0.0103	0.0103	1.64	8.78	0.0103	*
BC	0.2081	0.2081	0.32	1.74	0.2081
BD	0.0548	0.0548	0.82	4.39	0.0548
CD	0.0006	0.0006	3.67	19.66	0.0006	**
A²	0.0016	0.0016	2.82	15.10	0.0016	**
B²	0.0472	0.0472	0.88	4.74	0.0472	*
C²	0.0073	0.0073	1.83	9.82	0.0073	**
D²	0.0008	0.0008	3.42	18.36	0.0008	**
残差	2.61	14	0.19
失拟项	1.97	10	0.20	1.24	0.4521
净误差	0.64	4	0.16
总离差	28.39	28
决定系数R²=0.9080 校正系数0.8446

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表 4 不同样品理化指标测定结果

Table 4. Physiochemical properties of samples

样品 Sample	理化指标 Physical and chemical indexes
样品 Sample	水分含量 Moisture content/%	堆密度 Heap density/(g·mL⁻¹)
花色苷纯化物	10.42±0.82	0.52
花色苷微胶囊	3.49±0.07	0.89

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