水杨酸对镉胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗生长及生理的响应

陈华; 陈永快; 王涛; 黄语燕; 廖水兰; 兰婕; 康育鑫

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.12.005

水杨酸对镉胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗生长及生理的响应

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.12.005

1.
福建省农业科学院，福建福州 350003
2.
福建省农业科学院数字农业研究所，福建　福州　350003

基金项目: 福建省农业科学院设施专项（A20170-3）；福建省农业科学院智慧农业创新团队项目（STIT2017-2-12）；福建省农业科学院青年人才自由探索创新项目（AA2018-26）；福建省农业科学院科技示范基地项目（sfjd1829）；福建省发改委项目（闽发改投资[2018]206号）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈华（1976−），男，硕士，副研究员，研究方向：生态循环农业（Email：fjch1976@163.com）

中图分类号: S 634.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-10
- 修回日期: 2020-11-01
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-31

Effects of Salicylic Acid on Growth and Physiology of Non-heading Chinese Cabbage Seedlings under Cadmium Stress

1.
Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian China
2.
Institute of Digital Agriculture, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou　350003, Fujian China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨水杨酸（Salicylic acid，SA）诱导不结球白菜抗镉（Cadmium，Cd）胁迫的响应及对Cd吸收积累和转运差异，为利用SA减轻Cd胁迫对不结球白菜的伤害提供理论依据。方法以华冠不结球白菜为试验材料，研究Cd胁迫（50 mg·L⁻¹CdCl·2.5H₂O）及喷施SA（0.01～0.5 mmol·L⁻¹）对幼苗生长、光合色素含量、根系活力、渗透调节物质、丙二醛（MDA）含量、抗氧化酶活性和Cd积累的影响。结果与空白对照（CK₁）相比，Cd胁迫对照组（50 mg·L⁻¹CdCl·2.5H₂O，CK₂）显著抑制不结球白菜幼苗的生长，降低光合色素含量、根系活力、蛋白质含量、脯氨酸（Pro）含量和抗氧化酶活性，提高丙二醛（MDA）含量。在Cd胁迫下，喷施0.01～0.05 mmol·L⁻¹SA可以促进不结球白菜幼苗生长，以0.05 mmol·L⁻¹SA处理效果最好；在Cd胁迫10 d时，不结球白菜幼苗的根冠比、脯氨酸含量、POD、CAT活性较CK₂提高140%、44.98%、118.18%、70.43%，且显著降低幼苗地上部分Cd含量和转运系数；而喷施0.1～0.5 mmol·L⁻¹SA幼苗生长受抑。结论 0.05 mmol·L⁻¹SA是最适宜的喷施浓度，能有效缓解Cd对不结球白菜幼苗的毒害，提高幼苗的耐Cd性。
- 不结球白菜 /
- 水杨酸 /
- Cd胁迫 /
- 抗氧化酶活性 /
- Cd积累
Abstract: Objective Growth and physiological responses of non-heading Chinese cabbage to salicylic acid (SA) spraying under Cd-stress were studied. Method Huaguan non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) seedlings under an imposed stress of 50 mg CdCl·2.5H₂O·L⁻¹ were sprayed with SA at a rate of 0.01-0.5 mmol·L⁻¹. Growth, root activity, osmotic regulators, photosynthetic pigment content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and antioxidant enzyme activity as well as the Cd absorption, accumulation, and transportation of the separately treated seedlings were determined. Result The seedlings under the Cd-stress control (CK₂) grew significantly slower with reduced root vitality, contents of photosynthetic pigments, protein, and proline (Pro), and antioxidant enzyme activities but increased MDA in comparison to the blank control (CK₁). Under the Cd-stress, SA spraying in the range of 0.01-0.05 mmol·L⁻¹ rejuvenated the seedling growth, with the greatest effect observed when 0.05 mmol·L⁻¹ SA was applied. The seedlings of CK₁ had their root/shoot ratio increased by 140%, proline content by 44.98%, POD by 118.18%, and CAT by 70.43% over those of CK₂ 10d under the Cd-stress, while the aboveground parts of the plants had the Cd content and transport coefficient significantly reduced. On the other hand, when higher SA concentrations in the range of 0.1-0.5 mmol·L⁻¹ was applied, the seedling growth was significantly inhibited. Conclusion At a concentration of 0.05 mmol SA·L⁻¹, the spraying could effectively alleviate the Cd toxicity and improve the Cd tolerance of the non-heading Chinese cabbage seedlings.
- Brassica chinensis L. /
- salicylic acid /
- cadmium stress /
- antioxidant enzyme activity /
- Cd accumulation

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图 1 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗根系活力的影响

注：同处理数值不同字母表示处理间差异达到0.05显著水平；图2～5同.

Figure 1. Effect of exogenous SA on root activity of non-heading Chinese cabbage seedlings under Cd-stress

Note: :Different letters of the same treatment indicated that the difference was significant at 0.05 level. The same as Fig. 2-5.

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图 2 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白含量的影响

Figure 2. Effect of exogenous SA on soluble protein content of non-heading Chinese cabbage seedling leaves under Cd-stress

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图 3 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗叶片脯氨酸含量的影响

Figure 3. Effect of exogenous SA on proline content of non-heading Chinese cabbage seedling leaves under Cd-stress

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图 4 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗叶片MDA含量的影响

Figure 4. Effect of exogenous SA on MDA content in non-heading Chinese cabbage seedling leaves under Cd-stress

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图 5 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响

Figure 5. Effect of exogenous SA on antioxidant enzyme activities of non-heading Chinese cabbage seedling leaves under Cd-stress

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表 1 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗生长的影响

Table 1. Effect of exogenous SA on growth of non-heading Chinese cabbage seedlings under Cd-stress

处理时间 Processing time/d	SA/（mmol·L⁻¹）	株高 Plant height/cm	茎粗 Stem thickness/cm	根长 Root length/cm	叶面积 Leaf area/cm²	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	壮苗指数 seedling index
5	0（CK₁）	10.67±0.35 ab	0.28±0.02 a	8.37±0.32 de	12.99±1.00 b	0.12±0.02 a	0.69±0.03 a
	0（CK₂）	9.93±0.40 b	0.23±0.02 b	7.90±0.46 e	12.35±0.73 b	0.07±0.02 c	0.48±0.04 b
	0.01	11.57±0.80 a	0.28±0.03 a	9.70±0.10 b	15.19±1.60 a	0.09±0.00 bc	0.52±0.03 b
	0.05	10.63±0.85 ab	0.27±0.03 a	11.83±0.21 a	16.33±0.62 a	0.09±0.01 b	0.50±0.09 b
	0.1	10.37±0.65 b	0.21±0.02 bc	9.17±0.29 c	11.25±1.32 bc	0.08±0.01 bc	0.48±0.01 b
	0.5	8.43±0.32 c	0.17±0.01 c	8.60±0.17 d	9.89±0.18 c	0.08±0.00 bc	0.53±0.04 b
10	0（CK₁）	10.87±0.10 b	0.29±0.03 ab	12.00±1.13 a	17.31±0.55 a	0.20±0.02 a	0.61±0.01 a
	0（CK₂）	10.23±0.25 c	0.26±0.02 bc	8.90±0.36 b	13.29±1.45 b	0.08±0.04 c	0.42±0.06 b
	0.01	11.77±0.21 a	0.33±0.02 a	9.17±0.58 b	16.65±0.34 a	0.12±0.00 bc	0.50±0.07 ab
	0.05	10.80±0.26 b	0.32±0.02 a	9.60±0.36 b	16.55±1.41 a	0.18±0.08 ab	0.44±0.04 b
	0.1	10.47±0.15 bc	0.22±0.01 cd	9.33±1.26 b	12.26±0.32 b	0.09±0.03 c	0.43±0.09 b
	0.5	10.27±0.25 c	0.20±0.01 d	9.50±0.50 b	12.18±1.06 b	0.10±0.01 c	0.41±0.05 b
注：同列同处理数值不同字母表示处理间差异达到0.05显著水平；表2、3同。 Note: Data with different letters on same column under same treatment indicate significant difference at level of 0.05. Same for below.

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表 2 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗叶片光合色素的影响

Table 2. Effect of exogenous SA on photosynthetic pigment in non-heading Chinese cabbage seedling leaves under Cd-stress

处理时间 Processing time/d	SA/（mmol·L⁻¹）	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a/（mg·g⁻¹）	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b/（mg·g⁻¹）	叶绿素（a+b） Total chlorophyll content/（mg·g⁻¹）	类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid/（mg·g⁻¹）
5	0（CK₁）	0.43±0.01 de	0.16±0.00 c	0.59±0.01 c	0.12±0.01 ab
	0（CK₂）	0.42±0.01 e	0.10±0.01 e	0.52±0.01 d	0.10±0.00 c
	0.01	0.59±0.00 a	0.21±0.01 a	0.80±0.01 a	0.13±0.01 a
	0.05	0.56±0.01 b	0.18±0.01 b	0.74±0.03 b	0.12±0.02 ab
	0.1	0.44±0.00 cd	0.15±0.01 c	0.59±0.00 c	0.11±0.01 bc
	0.5	0.46±0.02 c	0.12±0.01 d	0.58±0.02 c	0.09±0.01 c
10	0（CK₁）	1.06±0.01 a	0.35±0.03 a	1.41±0.04 a	0.28±0.00 ab
	0（CK₂）	0.97±0.01 b	0.28±0.01 b	1.25±0.01 b	0.24±0.01 c
	0.01	1.09±0.01 a	0.35±0.01 a	1.44±0.02 a	0.27±0.02 b
	0.05	1.06±0.02 a	0.35±0.02 a	1.40±0.02 a	0.30±0.01 a
	0.1	0.84±0.02 c	0.26±0.00 bc	1.10±0.02 c	0.25±0.00 c
	0.5	0.77±0.04 d	0.23±0.01 c	1.00±0.05 d	0.21±0.00 d

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表 3 外源SA对Cd胁迫下不结球白菜幼苗地上、地下部分Cd含量及转运系数的影响

Table 3. Effect of exogenous SA on Cd Content and transport coefficient of aboveground and underground parts of non-heading Chinese cabbage seedlings under Cd-stress

处理时间 Processing time/d	SA/mmol·L⁻¹	地上部分Cd含量 Cd content in above ground/（mg·kg⁻¹）	地下部分Cd含量 Cd content in underground part/（mg·kg⁻¹）	转运系数 Transport coefficient
5	0（CK2）	483.33±7.02 a	215.97±4.80 a	2.24±0.02 a
	0.01	319.03±5.67 c	185.97±4.28 b	1.72±0.07 c
	0.05	251.87±3.48 e	167.53±4.28 d	1.50±0.03 d
	0.1	269.23±3.00 d	175.37±4.11 c	1.54±0.02 d
	0.5	334.87±4.45 b	174.40±4.75 cd	1.92±0.03 b
10	0（CK2）	677.70±2.33 a	397.73±3.00 a	1.70±0.01 b
	0.01	534.33±3.52 c	348.10±2.98 c	1.54±0.02 c
	0.05	503.47±2.34 d	375.77±4.98 b	1.34±0.02 d
	0.1	594.07±4.44 b	338.67±4.77 d	1.75±0.04 a
	0.5	598.13±3.44 b	350.77±3.31 c	1.71±0.02 b

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