Distribution of Nectar-producing Plants in National Wuyishan Nature Reserve
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摘要:
目的 掌握武夷山国家级自然保护区野生蜜源植物物种多样性及其分布规律,以期促进养蜂业在武夷山国家级自然保护区内协调发展,实现武夷山国家级自然保护区内社区居民增产、增收,并为武夷山国家公园(试点)合理规划和制定放蜂区域。 方法 采用徒步调查方式和植物社会学收集武夷山国家级自然保护区野生蜜源植物种类、数量、分布等数据,利用方差分析、聚类分析、β多样性Cody指数等方法,分析武夷山国家级自然保护区野生蜜源植物多样性和垂直分布格局。 结果 武夷山国家级自然保护区共有野生蜜源植物61科149属338种,以辅助野生蜜源植物为主、主要野生蜜源植物为辅,蜜源植物花期春季多、秋冬季少,蜜粉价值中上;海拔1 200 m以下野生蜜源植物科属及分布数量差异不显著;与低海拔相比,1200~1500 m、1500~1800 m、1800~2100 m间的野生蜜源植物科属及分布数量具有显著差异;野生蜜源植物海拔分布格局整体上呈现单峰分布;聚类分析和β多样性Cody指数分析表明低海拔野生蜜源植物丰富,特别是600~900 m海拔段野生蜜源植物最丰富。 结论 武夷山国家级自然保护区野生蜜源植物资源丰富,分布规律与其山体生态系统的山地海拔密切相关。 -
关键词:
- 野生蜜源植物资源 /
- 分布格局 /
- 海拔 /
- 物种多样性 /
- 武夷山国家级自然保护区
Abstract:Objective Information on the species diversity and spatial distribution of nectar-producing plants in National Wuyishan Nature Reserve was collected for promoting the beekeeping industry, increasing the honey production, enriching the residents’ income in the surrounding communities. In addition, it might aid on the planning of a pilot bee releasing project at the Reserve. Method By foot survey and plant sociology techniques, the species, quantity, and distribution of nectar-producing plants in the National Wuyishan Nature Reserve were gathered. The diversity and vertical distribution pattern of the plants in the wild were subjected to variance analysis, cluster analysis, and β diversity measure. Result In the Reserve, there were 338 species of plants that produced nectars for honey bees. They belonged to 149 genera in 61 families and were mainly auxiliary, rather than major plants. The plants flowered mostly in spring, less in autumn and winter. Their potential honey-producing value was estimated to be medium to high. The distribution and numbers of families and genera of these nectar-producing plants were similar at elevations below 1,200m but differed significantly comparing to 1,200-1,500m, 1,500-1,800m, 1,800-2,100m. A single peak distribution pattern was observed at all altitudes. The cluster analysis and the Cody index of the β diversity measure indicated that nectar-producing plants were richly present at low altitudes, especially in 600-900m. Conclusion The resource of nectar-producing plants were rich in the National Wuyishan Nature Reserve. Their distribution closely related to the ecosystem at different altitudes of the mountain. -
表 1 野生蜜源植物类型
Table 1. Types of nectar-producing plants
类型 Type 科 Family 属 Genus 种 Species 数量 Number 比例 Proportion/% 数量 Number 比例 Proportion/% 数量 Number 比例 Proportion/% 主要野生蜜源植物 Main wild nectar source plants 23 37.70 49 32.89 86 25.44 辅助野生蜜源植物 Auxiliary wild nectar source plants 32 52.46 94 63.09 228 67.46 有毒野生蜜源植物 Poisonous wild nectar source plants 6 9.84 6 4.03 24 7.10 合计 Total 61 100.00 149 100.00 338 100.00 表 2 野生蜜源植物花期
Table 2. Florescence of nectar-producing plants
花期 Florescence 科 Family 属 Genus 种 Species 数量 Number 比例 Proportion/% 数量 Number 比例 Proportion/% 数量 Number 比例 Proportion/% 春 Spring 26 42.62 76 51.01 182 53.85 夏 Summer 16 26.23 42 28.19 119 35.21 秋 Autumn 5 8.20 6 4.03 9 2.66 冬 Winter 14 22.95 25 16.78 28 8.28 合计 Total 61 100.00 149 100.00 338 100.00 表 3 野生蜜源植物蜜粉价值
Table 3. Potential honey-producing value of nectar-producing plants
泌蜜数量等级 Nectar quantity grade 种 Species 比例 Proportion/% 花粉数量等级 Pollen quantity grade 种 Species 比例 Proportion/% AAAA、AAA 74 21.89 AAAA、AAA 87 25.74 AA 123 36.39 AA 147 43.49 A、B 141 41.72 A、B 104 30.77 合计 Total 338 100.00 合计 Total 338 100.00 -
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