烯啶虫胺和唑虫酰胺在茶叶和土壤中的残留动态及风险评估

陈峰; 胡进锋; 王俊; 吴玮; 王长方

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.03.011

烯啶虫胺和唑虫酰胺在茶叶和土壤中的残留动态及风险评估

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2020.03.011

福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室/福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所，福建　福州　350013

基金项目: 福建省科技计划省属公益类专项（2018R1025-6、2017R1025-8）；福建省农业科学院科技服务团队项目（kjfw04）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈峰(1979−)，男，副研究员，主要从事农药分析研究（E-mail：178143565@qq.com）

通讯作者:
王长方（1963−），男，研究员，主要从事农药学研究（E-mail：changfang644@gmail.com）

中图分类号: S 481+.8
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-01
- 修回日期: 2020-02-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-03-01

Dissipation and Risk Evaluation of Nitenpyram and Tolfenpxrad Residues in Tea and Soil

Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian　350013, China

摘要

摘要: 目的明确烯啶虫胺和唑虫酰胺两种新型杀虫剂在茶叶和土壤中的残留消解动态。方法应用气相色谱法建立了烯啶虫胺和唑虫酰胺推荐施用剂量和2倍推荐施用剂量在茶叶和茶园土壤中的残留量分析方法及其残留消解。结果 2种供试药剂在茶叶和土壤中的残留量随时间的推移呈负指数函数递减，残留消解动态符合一级动力学方程，其中烯啶虫胺试验剂量在茶叶和土壤中的残留半衰期分别为6.08～6.54 d和1.52～1.68 d，在茶叶中残留量消解至MRL以下所需0.91～3.33 d；唑虫酰胺试验剂量在茶叶和土壤中的残留半衰期分别为4.47～4.74 d和1.87～1.89 d，在茶叶中残留量消解至MRL以下需5.10～8.18 d。结论烯啶虫胺和唑虫酰胺在茶叶和土壤中均属于易消解农药，研究结果可为烯啶虫胺和唑虫酰胺在茶园中的合理使用及其在我国规定最大允许残留限量(MRL)标准的制定提供参考。
- 烯啶虫胺 /
- 唑虫酰胺 /
- 茶叶 /
- 残留消解动态 /
- 风险评估
Abstract: Objective Dissipation of two new insecticides and risk of the residues in tea and soil were studied. Method A gas chromatographic method was applied for analyzing nitenpyram and tolfenpxrad residues in tea and soil specimens to determine the dissipation and transfer of the insecticides after application. Result The insecticide residues in tea and soil decreased exponentially with time after application in a first-order kinetic function. The half-lives of nitenpyram at the recommended dosage were 6.08–6.54 d in tea and 1.52–1.68 d in soil. It took 0.91–3.33 d for the residue to degrade below the maximum allowable residue limit (MRL) in tea. For tolfenpxrad at the recommended usage level, the residue half-lives were 4.47–4.74 d in tea and 1.87–1.89 d in soil. It took 5.10–8.18 d for the pesticide residue to dissipate below MRL in tea. Conclusion Both nitenpyram and tolfenpxrad were found to degrade to below the MRLs in tea for safe consumption as well as in soil for environmental protection.
- nitenpyram /
- tolfenpxrad /
- tea /
- residue degradation /
- risk assessment

HTML全文

图 1 2种供试药剂在茶叶和土壤中的残留消解动态

注：A：烯啶虫胺，茶叶；B：烯啶虫胺，土壤；C：唑虫酰胺，茶叶；D：唑虫酰胺，土壤。

Figure 1. Dissipation of insecticides in tea and soil

Note: A:nitenpyram in tea; B:nitenpyram in soil; C:tolfenpxrad in tea; D:tolfenpxrad in soil.

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表 1 2种供试药剂在茶叶和土壤中的添加回收率

Table 1. Recovery rates of two insecticides applied on tea and soil

供试药剂 Testing agents	基质 Substrate	添加量 Dosage/(mg·kg⁻¹)	平均回收率 Average recovery/%	相对标准偏差 Relative standard deviation/%
烯啶虫胺 Nitenpyram	茶叶 Tea	0.05	78.84	15.20
		0.50	83.45	9.53
		5.00	85.25	6.74
	土壤 Soil	0.05	82.12	13.23
		0.50	85.98	10.54
		5.00	104.82	4.76
唑虫酰胺 Tolfenpxrad	茶叶 Tea	0.05	85.92	12.64
		0.50	88.33	14.14
		5.00	92.23	8.73
	土壤 Soil	0.05	86.14	11.57
		0.50	90.32	9.55
		5.00	97.45	7.33

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表 2 2种供试药剂在茶叶中和土壤中的残留消解动态

Table 2. Dissipation of insecticides with time in tea and soil

供试药剂 Testing agents	施药浓度 Pesticide concentration/(mg·kg⁻¹)	基质 Substrate	消解动态方程 Dissipation dynamics equation	半衰期 Half-life period/d	决定系数（r²） Coefficient of determination
烯啶虫胺 Nitenpyram	66.7	茶叶 Tea	C_T = 9.07e^−0.11T	6.54	0.983 7
	133.3	茶叶 Tea	C_T = 14.63e^−0.11T	6.08	0.973 3
	66.7	土壤 Soil	C_T = 0.25e^−0.41T	1.68	0.960 0
	133.3	土壤 Soil	C_T = 0.35e^−0.46T	1.52	0.946 4
唑虫酰胺 Tolfenpxrad	200	茶叶 Tea	C_T = 34.81e^−0.16T	4.74	0.981 6
	400	茶叶 Tea	C_T = 69.87e^−0.19T	4.47	0.994 1
	200	土壤 Soil	C_T = 2.63e^−0.37T	1.89	0.937 0
	400	土壤 Soil	C_T = 4.06e^−0.37T	1.87	0.936 1
注：C_T表示施药后时间T时的农药残留量，单位为mg·kg⁻¹；T表示施药后时间，单位为d。 Note: C_T: pesticide residues at T, mg·kg⁻¹; T: time after pesticide application, d.

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表 3 烯啶虫胺和唑虫酰胺在茶叶中的MRL值及消解所需时间

Table 3. MRLs and dissipation time of nitenpyram and tolfenpxrad in tea

供试药剂 Testing Agents	残留限量MRL/(mg·kg⁻¹)	施药剂量 Pesticide Concentration/ (mg·kg⁻¹)	茶叶中残留量消解至MRL（日本标准）以下所需时间 Time required for the residue of tea to be dissipated below Japanese MRL/d
烯啶虫胺 Nitenpyram	10	66.7	0.91
烯啶虫胺 Nitenpyram	10	133.3	3.33
唑虫酰胺 Tolfenpxrad	15	200	5.10
唑虫酰胺 Tolfenpxrad	15	400	8.18

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