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生物炭添加对猪粪堆肥氮素形态和损失的影响

高文慧 李波 叶菁 林怡 王义祥 翁伯琦

高文慧,李波,叶菁,等. 生物炭添加对猪粪堆肥氮素形态和损失的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2019,34(12):1440−1446. doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.12.012
引用本文: 高文慧,李波,叶菁,等. 生物炭添加对猪粪堆肥氮素形态和损失的影响 [J]. 福建农业学报,2019,34(12):1440−1446. doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.12.012
GAO W H, LI B, YE J, et al. Effects of Biochar Addition on Form and Loss of Nitrogen in Composting Pig Manure [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2019,34(12):1440−1446. doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.12.012
Citation: GAO W H, LI B, YE J, et al. Effects of Biochar Addition on Form and Loss of Nitrogen in Composting Pig Manure [J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2019,34(12):1440−1446. doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.12.012

生物炭添加对猪粪堆肥氮素形态和损失的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.12.012
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0501404-3);福建省科技重大专项(2017NZ0001-1);福建省财政专项——福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(STIT20117-3-9);福建省自然基金项目(2018J01034)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    高文慧(1996−),女,硕士研究生,研究方向:农业资源利用(E-mail:1270174821@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    王义祥(1978−),男,博士,研究员,研究方向:碳氮循环与生态农业技术(E-mail:sd_wolong@163.com

  • 中图分类号: S 141.4

Effects of Biochar Addition on Form and Loss of Nitrogen in Composting Pig Manure

  • 摘要:   目的  探讨生物炭添加下猪粪堆肥过程氮素形态的变化,为堆肥过程中氮素损失控制提供科学依据。  方法  本研究利用强制反应箱研究在猪粪堆肥中添加0%、3%、6%和9%的生物炭(重量比,干基计)对氮素形态变化以及氮素损失的影响。  结果  各处理在堆肥过程中全氮和硝态氮含量呈上升趋势,至堆肥结束全氮含量增加了3.68%~5.43%;可溶性总氮和铵态氮呈先上升后下降的趋势,随着生物炭添加量的提高堆料中铵态氮降幅减小。不同堆肥处理氮素损失率介于20.69%~28.18%,3%和6%生物炭添加处理的氨挥发量分别比未添加生物炭处理的高8.98%和46.30%,而9%生物炭添加处理的氮素损失率和氨挥发量最低。  结论  猪粪堆肥过程中添加生物炭可使堆体快速升温,并延长高温期,堆料中铵态氮向硝态氮转化。硝态氮含量随生物炭添加量呈增加的趋势,氮素损失率随着发酵时间延长呈增加的趋势。
  • 图  1  不同处理温度的动态变化

    注:CK代表堆肥期间的空气温度。

    Figure  1.  Changes on temperature under various composting treatments

    Note:CK denotes the environmental temperature during the composting.

    图  2  不同处理全氮含量的变化

    Figure  2.  Changes on total N under various composting treatments

    图  3  不同堆肥处理可溶性总氮的变化

    Figure  3.  Changes on dissolved N under various composting treatments

    图  4  不同堆肥处理硝态氮含量的变化

    Figure  4.  Changes on nitrate N under various composting treatments

    图  5  不同堆肥处理铵态氮含量的变化

    Figure  5.  Changes on ammonium N under various composting treatments

    图  6  不同堆肥处理干物质失重率的变化

    Figure  6.  Changes on dry weight loss ratio under various composting treatments

    图  7  不同堆肥处理氮损失率的变化

    Figure  7.  Changes on nitrogen loss rate under various composting treatments

    图  8  不同处理氨气排放量的变化

    Figure  8.  Changes on ammonia emission under various composting treatments

    表  1  供试材料的基本性质

    Table  1.   Basic properties of test materials

    原料 Materials有机碳 Organic carbon/(g·kg−1全氮 Total nitrogen/(g·kg−1C/N全磷 Total phosphorus/(g·kg−1pH
    猪粪 Pig manure 289.2 17.1 16.91 19.5 7.23
    菌渣 Mushroom residues 320.1 14.1 22.70 11.9 7.73
    生物炭 Biochar 566.1 10.2 55.50 2.5 9.31
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各处理混合物料的基本性质

    Table  2.   Properties of composting materials in mixture

    处理 Treatments有机碳 Organic carbon /(g·kg−1全氮 Total nitrogen/(g·kg−1C/N全磷 Total phosphorus/(g·kg−1pH
    T1266.813.419.8713.27.57
    T2293.61322.5612.57.75
    T3297.812.823.2112.47.77
    T4322.112.825.2511.87.85
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-06-17
  • 修回日期:  2019-10-22
  • 刊出日期:  2019-12-01

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