镉胁迫对万寿菊属植物幼苗生理及富集的影响

刘翰升; 赵春莉; 刘玥; 国伟强

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.10.016

镉胁迫对万寿菊属植物幼苗生理及富集的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.10.016

吉林农业大学园艺学院，吉林　长春　130118

基金项目: 吉林省科技发展计划项目(20190303078SF)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘翰升(1994−)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事重金属植物修复与抗性植物筛选(E-mail：604171193@qq.com）

通讯作者:
赵春莉(1973−)，女，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事园林植物生物技术及资源等研究（E-mail：zcl8368@163.com）

中图分类号: S 681.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-12
- 修回日期: 2019-07-29
- 刊出日期: 2019-10-01

Effects of Cadmium Stress on Physiology and Enrichment of Tagetes Seedlings

School of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin　130118, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究不同质量浓度（0、0.3、3、20、60、120、180、240 mg·L⁻¹）镉胁迫下，万寿菊属植物幼苗（万寿菊、孔雀草）的生理指标与富集指标，比较可溶性蛋白、丙二醛、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶与镉吸收量，明确不同质量浓度镉胁迫下万寿菊属植物幼苗生理调节机制与富集能力。方法通过水培试验，采用镉胁迫处理幼苗，测定可溶性蛋白、丙二醛、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶与镉吸收量，研究镉胁迫对万寿菊、孔雀草幼苗的生理指标与幼苗富集效果的影响。结果随着Cd胁迫质量浓度的增加，万寿菊幼苗的可溶性蛋白质含量逐渐降低，丙二醛含量随Cd质量浓度增加先降低后升高再降低，过氧化物酶活性逐渐升高，超氧化物歧化酶活性先降低后升高再降低；孔雀草幼苗可溶性蛋白质含量逐渐降低，丙二醛含量先下降后上升再下降后又上升，过氧化物酶先上升后下降，超氧化物歧化酶含量先上升后下降再上升后下降；万寿菊、孔雀草幼苗对镉的吸收量随Cd胁迫质量浓度的增加积累能力逐渐增强，万寿菊幼苗与孔雀草幼苗在180 mg·L⁻¹Cd胁迫时，幼苗内Cd含量分别达到440.40、478.23 mg·kg⁻¹。结论中、低量的Cd胁迫（0.3–120 mg·L⁻¹）对万寿菊、孔雀草幼苗生理影响小，自身可以调节，高量的Cd胁迫（180、240 mg·L⁻¹）产生破坏作用，影响较大；万寿菊、孔雀草幼苗富集量随Cd胁迫质量浓度升高而升高，直到幼苗不萌发；万寿菊幼苗抵抗Cd胁迫生理机制过氧化物酶起主导作用，孔雀草幼苗抵抗Cd胁迫生理机制超氧化物歧化酶起主导作用；采用万寿菊、孔雀草种子进行植物修复有较大应用前景。
- 万寿菊属 /
- 镉胁迫 /
- 生理指标 /
- 镉富集
Abstract: Objective Physiology of and heavy-metal accumulation in marigold ( Tagetes erecta L.) and peafowl ( T. patula L.) seedlings under cadmium (Cd) stress were studied. Method In a hydroponic test, the seedlings were treated with a Cd concentration of 0, 0.3, 3, 20, 60, 120, 180 or 240 mg·L⁻¹ in the medium. Soluble protein, malondialdehyde, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and Cd of the plants were monitored. Result There were apparent effects on the physiological regulatory mechanisms and metal-ion accumulation in the seedlings by the imposed Cd stress at varying concentrations. On marigold, increasing Cd caused the soluble protein in the seedlings to decline constantly, the malondialdehyde to decrease initially but raise then decrease again, the peroxidase activity to gradually increase, and the superoxide dismutase to decrease at first then increase followed by another decline. On peafowl, the increased stress induced a continuous decline on soluble protein, a down-up-down-and-up trend on malondialdehyde, a rise-then-fall on peroxidase, and a roller coaster up-down-up-and-down effect on superoxide dismutase in the seedlings. Cd stress directly raised the metal-uptakes in marigold as well as peafowl. At 180 mg Cd·L⁻¹, the marigold seedlings attained a Cd content of 440.40 mg·kg⁻¹ and the peafowl 478.23 mg·kg⁻¹. Conclusion At medium and low Cd concentrations (e.g., 0.3−120 mg·L⁻¹), little physiological impact was evident on either marigold or peafowl, as the plants could apparently regulate to tolerate the stress. However, under a high Cd stress (e.g., 180 or 240 mg·L⁻¹), significant harms resulted on the plants. Cd would continue to accumulate in the seedlings till the heavy metal concentration in the medium reached the level when the seeds simply failed to germinate. For marigold, peroxidase played a leading role in the Cd stress resistance, whereas, superoxide dismutase did for peafowl. It appeared that Tagetes seeds could be useful for studying phytoremediation.
- Tagetes /
- Cd stress /
- physiological indices /
- Cd accumulation

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图 1 不同质量浓度Cd处理万寿菊属幼苗Cd含量

注：不同大写字母表示差异极显著（P＜0.01），不同小写字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。差异性分析为同一种植物间的差异性比较。

Figure 1. Cd content in marigold seedlings under stress at various Cd concentrations

Note: Different capital letters indicate extremely significant differences ( P ＜0.01). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference ( P ＜0.05). Differences are between plants of the same specie.

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表 1 镉胁迫对万寿菊幼苗生理指标的影响

Table 1. Effect of Cd stress on physiological indices of marigold seedlings

Cd处理 Cd Treatment	可溶性蛋白 Soluable Protein/(mg·g⁻¹)	丙二醛 MDA/(μmol·g⁻¹ )	过氧化物酶 POD/(U·g⁻¹)	超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U·g⁻¹)
A₁	2.20±0.02 Aa	0.064 5±0.002 5 BCb	956.67±10.26 Gg	539.43±36.78 Aa
A₂	2.14±0.01 ABab	0.068 3±0.003 1 Bb	1 030.00±16.37 Ff	407.62±19.71 Bb
A₃	2.05±0.01 BCbc	0.032 9±0.001 7 Dd	1 528.67±10.26 Ee	247.62±13.78 CDcd
A₄	1.95±0.01 Cc	0.090 6±0.002 1 Aa	1 801.33±4.62 Dd	366.48±13.97 Bb
A₅	1.96±0.01 Cc	0.089 8±0.002 7 Aa	1 886.00±14.00 Cc	290.29±18.29 Cc
A₆	1.77±0.01 Dd	0.060 1±0.003 8 Cc	2 574.00±9.17 Bb	256.00±12.73 CDcd
A₇	1.52±0.17 Ee	0.059 2±0.001 5 Cc	4 062.67±34.43 Aa	225.52±45.96 Dd
A₈	—	—	—	—
注：表中数据为平均值±标准差；同列数据后不同大写字母表示差异极显著（P＜0.01），不同小写字母表示差异显著（P＜0.05）。“—”表示不萌发。表2同。 Note: The data in the table is the mean ± standard deviation; Different capital letters after the same data indicate that the difference is extremely significant (P＜0.01), and lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P＜0.05). "—" means not germination. The same as Table 2.

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表 2 镉胁迫对孔雀草幼苗生理指标的影响

Table 2. Effect of Cd stress on physiological indices of peafowl seedlings

Cd处理 Cd Treatment	可溶性蛋白 Soluable Protein/(mg·g⁻¹)	丙二醛 MDA/(μmol·g⁻¹)	过氧化物酶 POD/(U·g⁻¹)	超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/(U·g⁻¹)
B₁	2.02±0.03 Bb	0.052 9±0.000 7 Bb	1 299.33±14.05 Ff	526.48±25.69 Cc
B₂	2.24±0.01 Aa	0.038 0±0.001 6 CDcd	2 147.33±52.17 Bb	627.05±27.46 Bb
B₃	1.65±0.02 Cc	0.044 7±0.000 2 BCbc	2 360.00±40.15 Aa	504.38±27.56 Cc
B₄	1.50±0.03 Dd	0.031 5±0.000 3 Dd	1 915.33±11.02 Cc	723.81±48.51 Aa
B₅	1.46±0.02 Dd	0.042 9±0.005 0 BCDc	1 794.67±4.16 Dd	495.23±21.60 Cc
B₆	1.37±0.06 Ee	0.042 5±0.001 9 BCDc	1 423.33±17.01 Ee	486.10±25.18 CDc
B₇	1.29±0.02 Ff	0.067 9±0.012 8 Aa	1 414.67±34.43 Ee	427.43±13.71 Dd
B₈	—	—	—	—

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