不同补光灯对日光温室辣椒生长发育及品质的影响

王翠丽; 赵旭; 赵鹏; 杨世梅; 陈亮; 严宗山; 谢忠清; 张肖凌

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.09.008

不同补光灯对日光温室辣椒生长发育及品质的影响

Effects of Supplemental Light on Growth, Physiology, and Quality of Chili Peppers Cultivated in Solar Greenhouse

摘要

摘要:
目的探究不同补光灯对辣椒生长发育及品质的影响，为日光温室辣椒补光提供理论依据。
方法以“37-94”辣椒为试材，研究3种补光灯（植物补光灯、LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝=5 ∶ 1、LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝 ∶ 白=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1）条件下，不同补光灯对辣椒生长发育及品质的影响。
结果与对照相比，LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝 ∶ 白=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1处理下，辣椒株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽和叶绿素含量显著增加；净光合速率（Pn）、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素C（Vc）含量较对照分别提高63.72%、70%、77%、8.2%；红 ∶ 蓝=5 ∶ 1处理下，辣椒叶片的气孔导度（Gs）、胞间二氧化碳（Ci）和蒸腾速率（Tr）最高，较对照提高幅度依次是73.33%、12.94%、35.83。
结论 LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝 ∶ 白=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1组合光能够提高辣椒光合特性，促进光合产物的积累，进而提高果实品质。

Abstract:
Objective Effects of supplemental light on the growth, photosynthesis, and quality of chili peppers cultivated in a solar greenhouse were studied.
Method In the greenhouse, Chili Pepper 37-94 plants were exposed to supplemental light emitted from LEDs at　red ∶ blue=5 ∶ 1,LEDs at red ∶ blue ∶ white=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1), or a plant supplementary lamp for observations and measurements on the responses of the plants.
Result The plant height, stem girth, leaf length, leaf width, and chlorophyll content of the treated plants were significantly greater than those of control, Under the LEDs at red ∶ blue ∶ white=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 treatment, the net leaf photosynthetic rate increased by 63.72%, and the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and Vc of the chilis rose 70%, 77%, and 8.2%, respectively, over those of control. Among the 3 treatments, LEDs at red ∶ blue=5 ∶ 1 produced the highest Gs, Ci, and Tr in the leaves with increases of 73.33%, 12.94%, and 35.83, respectively, over those of control.
Conclusion Exposure of LEDs at red ∶ blue ∶ white=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 promoted the photosynthesis increasing the chlorophyll formation and accumulation in the chili pepper plants that enhanced the plant growth and improved chili quality.

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