不同补光灯对日光温室辣椒生长发育及品质的影响

王翠丽; 赵旭; 赵鹏; 杨世梅; 陈亮; 严宗山; 谢忠清; 张肖凌

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.09.008

不同补光灯对日光温室辣椒生长发育及品质的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.09.008

1.
甘肃省农业工程技术研究院，甘肃　武威　733000
2.
柳树沟乡农业和畜牧业发展中心，新疆　哈密　839000

基金项目: 甘肃省自然科学基金项目（145RJZH192）；甘肃省科技计划项目（17CX2JA013、1605JTCH009）；甘肃省省属科研院所条件建设专项（I8JR2TA008）

详细信息

作者简介:
王翠丽（1989−）女，硕士，研究实习员，主要从事设施蔬菜栽培生理与生长调控研究（E-mail：wangcl1116@163.com）

通讯作者:
谢忠清（1967−)，男，高级农艺师，主要从事设施作物生长调控研究（E-mail：1072207627@qq.com）

中图分类号: S 641
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-09
- 修回日期: 2019-08-06
- 刊出日期: 2019-09-01

Effects of Supplemental Light on Growth, Physiology, and Quality of Chili Peppers Cultivated in Solar Greenhouse

1.
Gansu Academy of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Wuwei, Gansu　733000, China
2.
Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Development Center of Liushugou, Hami, Xinjiang　839000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究不同补光灯对辣椒生长发育及品质的影响，为日光温室辣椒补光提供理论依据。方法以“37-94”辣椒为试材，研究3种补光灯（植物补光灯、LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝=5 ∶ 1、LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝 ∶ 白=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1）条件下，不同补光灯对辣椒生长发育及品质的影响。结果与对照相比，LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝 ∶ 白=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1处理下，辣椒株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽和叶绿素含量显著增加；净光合速率（Pn）、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素C（Vc）含量较对照分别提高63.72%、70%、77%、8.2%；红 ∶ 蓝=5 ∶ 1处理下，辣椒叶片的气孔导度（Gs）、胞间二氧化碳（Ci）和蒸腾速率（Tr）最高，较对照提高幅度依次是73.33%、12.94%、35.83。结论 LED补光灯红 ∶ 蓝 ∶ 白=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1组合光能够提高辣椒光合特性，促进光合产物的积累，进而提高果实品质。
- 辣椒 /
- 补光 /
- 光合特性 /
- 品质
Abstract: Objective Effects of supplemental light on the growth, photosynthesis, and quality of chili peppers cultivated in a solar greenhouse were studied. Method In the greenhouse, Chili Pepper 37-94 plants were exposed to supplemental light emitted from LEDs at　red ∶ blue=5 ∶ 1,LEDs at red ∶ blue ∶ white=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1), or a plant supplementary lamp for observations and measurements on the responses of the plants. Result The plant height, stem girth, leaf length, leaf width, and chlorophyll content of the treated plants were significantly greater than those of control, Under the LEDs at red ∶ blue ∶ white=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 treatment, the net leaf photosynthetic rate increased by 63.72%, and the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and Vc of the chilis rose 70%, 77%, and 8.2%, respectively, over those of control. Among the 3 treatments, LEDs at red ∶ blue=5 ∶ 1 produced the highest Gs, Ci, and Tr in the leaves with increases of 73.33%, 12.94%, and 35.83, respectively, over those of control. Conclusion Exposure of LEDs at red ∶ blue ∶ white=3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 promoted the photosynthesis increasing the chlorophyll formation and accumulation in the chili pepper plants that enhanced the plant growth and improved chili quality.
- Chili pepper /
- light exposure /
- photosynthesis /
- chili quality

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图 1 不同补光灯对辣椒叶绿素含量的影响

Figure 1. Effect of supplemental light on chlorophyll in leaves of chili pepper plants

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表 1 不同补光灯对辣椒株高的影响

Table 1. Effect of supplemental light on height of chili pepper plants

处理 Treatment	30 d	60 d	90 d	120 d
CK	48.67±0.88 c	72.67±1.61 c	78.33±3.84 b	80.67±2.33 c
T1	52.33±1.33 bc	80.67±1.20 b	94.33±1.15 a	95.33±2.33 b
T2	59.00±1.52 a	93.33±1.76 a	104.00±3.01 a	107.33±0.88 a
T3	55.83±2.40 ab	83.67±3.93 ab	96.33±3.38 a	103.00±1.00 a
注：表中同列不同字母表示不同处理之间差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Note: Different letters on a same column indicate significant differences between treatments (P ＜0.05).

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表 2 不同补光灯对辣椒茎粗的影响

Table 2. Effect of supplemental light on stem girth of chili pepper plants

处理 Treatment	30 d	60 d	90 d	120 d
CK	8.38±0.10 b	9.85±0.28 c	10.47±0.20 b	12.38±0.21 c
T1	8.44±0.10 b	10.80±0.14 ab	13.28±0.46 a	14.35±0.70 ab
T2	9.67±1.08 a	12.32±0.34 a	14.33±0.41 a	14.97±0.50 a
T3	9.25±0.04 b	10.28±0.73 ab	13.50±0.32 a	13.26±0.39 bc
注：表中同列数据后不同字母表示不同处理之间差异显著（P＜0.05），下同。 Note: Different letters on a same column indicate significant differences between treatments ( P ＜0.05). Same for the following.

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表 3 不同补光灯对辣椒叶长的影响

Table 3. Effect of supplemental light on leaf length of chili pepper plants

处理 Treatment	30 d	60 d	90 d	120 d
CK	6.97±0.23 c	9.00±0.06 c	8.33±0.33 bc	5.68±0.31 b
T1	7.63±0.68 bc	9.80±0.31 bc	9.27±0.15 ab	6.68±0.07 b
T2	9.67±0.21 a	10.90±0.18 a	10.17±0.60 a	7.45±0.06 a
T3	9.00±0.12 ab	10.57±0.47 ab	9.39±0.10 ab	7.12±0.19 ab

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表 4 不同补光灯对辣椒叶宽的影响

Table 4. Effect of supplemental light on leaf width of chili pepper plants

处理 Treatment	30 d	60 d	90 d	120 d
CK	3.10±0.15 c	4.00±0.05 c	4.75±0.33 b	3.62±0.05 b
T1	4.30±0.15 b	5.67±0.17 bc	5.33±0.12 a	3.74±0.15 b
T2	5.13±0.22 a	6.97±0.55 a	5.83±0.60 a	4.12±0.02 a
T3	4.73±0.08 ab	6.23±0.27 ab	5.65±0.47 a	3.90±0.06 ab

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表 5 不同补光灯对辣椒光合作用的影响

Table 5. Effect of supplemental light on photosynthesis of chili pepper plants

处理 Treament	夜间 Night（18:00—22:00）
处理 Treament	Pn /umol·m⁻²·s⁻²	Ci/ μmol·mol⁻¹	Gs /mmol·m⁻²·s⁻²	Tr /mmol·m⁻²·s⁻²
CK	2.10±0.01 c	0.03±0.02 a	353.53±69.51 b	0.24±0.14 c
T1	6.95±0.01 b	0.07±0.04 a	363.60±159.30 b	0.57±0.28 b
T2	7.87±0.02 a	0.12±0.06 a	382.83±71.22 ab	0.84±0.36 ab
T3	6.21±0.08 ab	0.25±0.20 a	399.29±115.11 a	1.10±0.71 a

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表 6 不同补光灯对辣椒品质的影响

Table 6. Effect of supplemental light on chili quality

处理 Treament	可溶性糖 Content of soluble sugar/%	可溶性蛋白 Content of soluble protein/(mg·g⁻¹)	Vc Content of Vc/(mg·g⁻¹)
CK	0.60±0.03 c	0.54±0.02 c	1.34±0.01 b
T1	0.77±0.12 bc	0.72±0.03 b	1.44±0.01 a
T2	1.02±0.03 a	0.96±0.02 a	1.45±0.01 a
T3	0.96±0.05 ab	0.77±0.02 b	1.37±0.01 b

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