Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions at Large Pig Farms in Fujian
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摘要:
目的 评估福建省规模化养猪场利用沼气工程处理粪便产生的温室气体减排效益,以推动规模化养猪场沼气工程建设,实现生猪养殖业清洁生产。 方法 根据国际通用的温室气体减排量计算方法,以2010年和2015年为例,计算福建省规模化养猪场粪便资源量及沼气生产潜力,评估粪便资源全部用于沼气工程建设所带来的减排效益。 结果 2010年和2015年福建省规模化养猪场排泄物干物质总量分别为169.93万t和163.29万t,其产沼气潜力分别为7.14亿m3和6.86亿m3。假设规模化养猪场粪便所产沼气全部用于替代薪柴,则分别可替代薪柴245.42万t和235.84万t,减少CO2排放量分别为268.74万t和258.25万t;假设规模化养猪场粪便所产沼气全部用于替代煤炭,则分别可替代煤炭130.85万t和125.74万t,减少CO2排放量110.89万t和106.56万t。如果养猪场粪便全部用于沼气工程,则分别可减少CH4排放3.59万t和3.45万t。 结论 沼气工程在有效处理禽畜粪便的同时生产了优质燃料,沼气替代传统能源减少了CO2排放,禽畜粪便厌氧消化减少了CH4排放,带来了显著的社会经济及环境效益。 Abstract:Objective Reduction on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at large pig farms by treatment converting fecal waste to biogas for an environmentally friendly hog industry in Fujian was reviewed. Method Based on the internationally accepted method for calculating GHG emission reduction and the 2010 and 2015 data, the amounts of manure and biogas production at large pig farms in the province were obtained for the analysis. The estimated benefits brought about by the emission reduction through the practice were discussed. Result The total amount of excreta dry matters from the pig farms was 1.699 3 million tons in 2010 and 1.632 9 million tons in 2015 representing the production potentials of 714 million m3 and 686 million m3 biogas, respectively. If the biogas produced were to be used to replace firewood, it would have been 2.454 2 million t and 2.358 4 million t of firewood saved for the two years, respectively. And the resulting CO2 emissions reduced would have amounted to 2.687 4 million t in 2010 and 2.582 5 million t in 2015. The same presumed biogas productions would translate to be 1 308 500 t and 1 257 400 t of coal, or 1 108 900 t and 1 065 600 t of CO2 emissions for the years of 2010 and 2015, respectively. By converting pig manure to biogas, the CH4 emissions could have been reduced by 35 900 t in 2010 and 34 500 t in 2015. Conclusion Using biogas produced from livestock waste could conceivably generate a high quality fuel to replace the traditional energy sources and effectively reduce CO2 emissions. Anaerobic digestion of the waste material also mitigated CH4 emissions resulting in significant social, economic and environmental benefits. -
Key words:
- large pig farm /
- biogas project /
- carbon dioxide /
- methane /
- emission reduction benefits
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表 1 猪粪便的干物质与含水量
Table 1. Dry matters and moisture contents in pig feces
(单位/%) 粪便种类
Faeces species干物质
Dry matter水分
Water合计
Total猪粪Pig manure 20 80 100 猪尿Pig urine 0.4 99.6 100 表 2 福建省生猪饲养规模情况
Table 2. Scale of pig farms in Fujian
年存栏数
Annual stock/head场(户)数
Number of farms存栏数
Stock/(×104 head)占总存栏数比例
Percentage of total stock/%2010年 2015年 2010年 2015年 2010年 2015年 1-49 557627 165673 241.66 75.50 18.99 7.08 50-499 46491 25015 364.59 219.88 28.65 20.62 ≥500 7473 7311 666.32 770.78 52.36 72.30 合计Total 611591 197999 1272.57 1066.16 100.00 100.00 表 3 福建省规模化养猪场粪便资源量及沼气生产潜力
Table 3. Fecal wastes and potential biogas production at large pig farms in Fujian
年份
Year排泄物干物质总量
Total dry matter amount of excreta/ (×104 t)产沼气潜力
Biogas potential /(×108 m3)2010 169.93 7.14 2015 163.29 6.86 表 4 CO2减排效益
Table 4. Benefits by reducing CO2 emission
年份
Year可替代薪柴Alternative firewood (×104 t) 可替代煤炭Alternative coal (×104 t) 实物量
Physical quantityCO2减排量
CO2 emission reductions实物量
Physical quantityCO2减排量
CO2 emission reductions2010 245.42 268.74 130.85 110.89 2015 235.84 258.25 125.74 106.56 表 5 甲烷减排效益
Table 5. Benefits by reducing CH4 emission
年份
YearCH4减排量
CH4 emission reductions/ (×104 t)CO2当量
CO2 equivalent /(×104 t)2010 3.59 75.39 2015 3.45 72.45 注:CH4折合成CO2当量的系数是21。Note: The coefficient of CH4 converted into CO2 equivalent is 21. -
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