Construction and Analysis of Two-sex Life Table on Experimental Population of Diaphania angustalis
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摘要:
目的 绿翅绢野螟Diaphania angustalis(Snellen)是糖胶树上的主要害虫之一,以幼虫取食叶片及卷叶危害,严重影响糖胶树的生长发育及观赏与药用价值。为补充其基本生物学信息,提供综合治理绿翅绢野螟的理论依据,开展了绿翅绢野螟各虫态发育历期、繁殖与幼虫取食量等的研究,以期为明确其防治适期提供科学依据。 方法 组建实验种群两性生命表,分析绿翅绢野螟各虫态的发育历期、成虫繁殖力、各龄幼虫取食量和存活率等种群参数。 结果 在温度(28±1)℃、相对湿度(70±5)%及光周期(L:D=12:12)的条件下,绿翅绢野螟种群的平均世代周期为(45.42±0.55)d,内禀增长率为(0.099±0.006)d-1,周限增长率为(1.104±0.007)d-1,净增殖率为(92.28±22.50,子代)。雌成虫个体的繁殖力为(369.20±65.44)粒;单头雌成虫最高产卵量达1 267粒。在幼虫期,随着虫龄的增加,发育历期随之增长,取食量随之增加。高龄幼虫的发育历期显著长于低龄幼虫;4~6龄幼虫的取食量显著大于1~3龄幼虫。 结论 综合考虑幼虫各虫龄的发育历期及取食量,认为1~3龄幼虫阶段是其防治的关键时期。 Abstract:Objective Larval development, fecundity and feeding of Diaphania angustalis (Snellen), a major pest that infests blackboard trees by larva feeding on leaves and leaf-rolls causing serious damage on the ornamental and medicinal plants, were studied to determine the effective controlling period. Method The development, fecundity, feeding habit and survival rate of D. angustalis larvae were deciphered with the constructed two-sex life table of the pest from an experimental population. Results At the temperature of (28±1)℃, relative humidity of (70±5)% and photoperiod of L:D=12:12, the mean generation time of the moth was found to be (45.42±0.55)d; the intrinsic rate of increase, (0.099±0.006)d; the finite rate of increase, (1.104±0.007)d; and, the net reproduction rate, (92.28±22.50) offspring. The fecundity of a female adult was(369.20±65.44)eggs, 1 267 at the highest. The number and reproduction of the population increased with time. At larva stage, the development time and feed consumption increased with age. It took significantly longer for the older larvae than the younger larvae to develop, and a larva consumed significantly more in the 4th to 6th than 1st to 3rd instar stage. Conclusion The most effective period for controlling D. angustalis appeared to fall on the 1st to 3rd instar larvae. -
Key words:
- Diaphania angustalis /
- Alstonia schalaris /
- two-sex life table /
- feeding /
- growth and development
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表 1 28℃条件下绿翅绢野螟的各发育阶段的发育历期及种群参数
Table 1. Time and population factors at developmental stages of D. angustalis at 28℃
发育阶段
Stage个体数
n发育历期
Developmental period/d种群参数
Population parameters卵Egg 93 2.99±0.02 f 种群总寿命(48.13±0.73)d 1龄幼虫1st instar larva 92 2.46±0.05 f 成虫前期(35.60±0.35)d 2龄幼虫2nd instar larva 89 2.11±0.03 f 内禀增长率(0.099±0.006)d-1 3龄幼虫3rd instar larva 83 2.35±0.07 f 周限增长率(1.104±0.007)d-1 4龄幼虫4th instar larva 78 2.50±0.09 f 净增殖率(92.28±22.50,子代) 5龄幼虫5th instar larva 70 3.73±0.15 e 世代平均周期(45.42±0.55)d 6龄幼虫6th instar larva 62 5.42±0.22 d 总繁殖率(361.85±65.92)粒 预蛹Prepupa 60 4.05±0.03 e 成虫产卵前期(5.16±0.37)d 蛹期Pupa 60 9.98±0.10 e 总产卵前期(40.60±0.43)d 雌成虫Female adult 28 13.71±1.14 a 产卵期(8.04±1.01)d 雄成虫Male adult 32 11.50±0.92 b 产卵量(369.20±65.44)粒·雌-1 注:表中数据为平均数±标准误。同列数据后不同小写字母表示经过Tukey-Kramer法检验差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Note: Data are presented as mean ± SE; those with different letters in a list are significantly different at 5% level according to Tukey-Kramer test.表 2 绿翅绢野螟幼虫期各阶段的取食率参数
Table 2. Consumption rate of D. angustalis larvae at different stages
发育阶段
Stage平均取食量
Consumption rate of each stage/(mg·个体-1)平均每日取食量
Mean daily consumption rate/ (mg·个体-1)取食量参数
Consumption rate parameter1龄幼虫1st instar larva 69.79±2.09 f 28.41±0.12 f 净取食量(1704.24±99.52)(mg·个-1) 2龄幼虫2nd instar larva 101.73±3.13 e 48.16±0.21 e 转化率(19.63±5.27)(mg·子代-1) 3龄幼虫3rd instar larva 170.35±6.61 d 72.50±0.32 d 4龄幼虫4th instar larva 276.45±10.69 c 110.58±0.48 c 稳定取食率(50.33±1.52)(mg·个-1) 5龄幼虫5th instar larva 474.16±20.24 b 124.17±0.56 b 周限取食率(55.60±1.74) (mg·个-1) 6龄幼虫6th instar larva 1238.60±50.84 a 228.56±1.00 a 注:表中数据为平均数±标准误。同列数据后不同小写字母表示经过Tukey-Kramer法检验差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Note: Data are presented as mean ± SE; those with different letters in a list are significantly different at 5% level according to Tukey-Kramer test. -
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