A New Sugarcane Variety, Mintang 061405
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摘要:
目的 选育高产高糖、宿根性强、抗倒伏、适合机械化生产的甘蔗新品种,为我国蔗糖产业的持续发展提供品种和技术支持。 方法 以闽糖92-649为母本、新台糖10号为父本,通过五圃制杂交,选育出优良甘蔗新品种闽糖061405,并在福建省进行多年多点生产试验和参加全国联合区域试验,同时进行遗传组成分析。 结果 在福建省多年多点品种试验中,闽糖061405每公顷蔗茎产量133.055 t,11月至翌年1月平均蔗糖分(绝对值)15.35%,每公顷含糖量20.475 t,与主栽品种新台糖16号相比,蔗茎产量增加19.84%、含糖量增加11.83%、蔗糖分降低0.23个百分点;遗传组成分析结果表明,闽糖061405共含有14个不同基础种质,遗传组成丰富。 结论 闽糖061405具有高产高糖、宿根性强、适应性广、抗倒伏能力强的优良特性,且具有适宜全程机械化栽培的特征,是一个种性优良的甘蔗新品种,但对黑穗病表现感病,适宜在广西、广东、海南、福建、云南临沧等我国主要蔗区种植并推广全程机械化栽培。 Abstract:Objective To breed a new variety of sugarcane that had high yield and sucrose content, strong ratooning ability and lodging-resistance, and were adaptable for mechanized production in preparation for the development of a sustainable cane sugar industry in China. Method Mintang 061405, selected from the cross combinations between Mintang 92-649 and ROC10, was bred following the procedures of the Five-nursery Breeding System. Result The new variety successfully passed the production tests at different sites for several years in Fujian as well as a national regional test. Mintang 061405 exhibited a mean cane yield of 130.055 t·hm-2 with a November-to-February sucrose content (absolute value) of 15.35% and a sugar yield of 20.475 t·hm-2, representing 19.84% increase on cane yield, 11.83% increase on sugar yield, and 0.23% less on sucrose content over those of the currently leading variety ROC16 in Fujian. The genetic composition of the new variety richly inherited from 14 different basic germplasms. Conclusion Mintang 061405 was a new sugarcane variety exhibiting the desirable properties of high yield, high sucrose content, strong ratooning ability, wide adaptability, high resistance to lodging, and adaptable to the mechanized planting and harvesting in the major sugarcane producing areas in China, such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, and Yunnan lincang. However, a deficiency was found on its susceptibility to smut infection. -
Key words:
- sugarcane /
- new variety /
- selection and breeding /
- characteristics /
- genetics
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表 1 闽糖061405与对照品种新台糖16号(CK)主要农艺性状比较
Table 1. Main characteristics of Mintang 061405 and ROC16(CK)
试验阶段
Nursery品种
Variety萌芽率
Germination rate/%发株率
Ratooring rate /%分蘖率
Tillering rate/%株高
Stalk height/cm茎径
Stalk diameter/cm有效茎数
Number of effective stalk /(条·hm-2)鉴定阶段
Appraise nursery闽糖061405 79.44 57.50 74.82 312 2.90 93330 CK 77.36 71.09 144.32 338 2.26 83745 预备品比
Prepare variety comparison test闽糖061405 74.77 48.26 98.16 293 2.90 60000 CK 81.25 64.30 110.27 303 2.45 61875 品比试验
Variety comparison test闽糖061405 74.79 46.24 74.90 289 2.86 82083 CK 82.90 84.60 61.50 291 2.58 85416 生产试验
Production test闽糖061405 57.26 50.43 89.13 271 2.61 73743 CK 78.13 65.79 54.21 292 2.58 74906 平均
Average闽糖061405 71.56±9.78 50.61±4.90 84.25±1.459 291±17 2.82±0.14 77289±14045 CK 79.91±2.61 71.44±9.24 2.57±42.54 306±22 2.47±0.15 76485±10777 表 2 闽糖061405与对照品种新台糖16号(CK)经济性状对比
Table 2. Economic evaluation on Mintang 061405 and ROC16
试验阶段
Nursery蔗茎产量Cane yield/(t·hm-2) 蔗糖分Sucrose content/% 含糖量Sugar yield/(t·hm-2) 闽糖061405
Mintang 061405CK 比CK/%
Compare with CK闽糖061405
Mintang 061405CK 闽糖061405
Mintang 061405CK 比CK/%
Compare with CK鉴定阶段(1新1宿)Appraise nursery(one year planting, one year ratoon) 新植 192.615 113.370 69.90 15.79 15.57 30.414 17.652 72.30 宿根 134.310 102.900 30.52 15.90 16.02 21.355 16.484 29.55 平均 163.462 108.135 51.16 15.85 15.78 25.884 17.068 51.66 预备品比(1新1宿)Prepare variety comparison test(one year planting, one year ratoon) 新植 117.238 111.425 5.22 14.83 15.01 17.386 16.725 3.95 宿根 118.196 88.260 33.92 15.27 15.47 18.048 13.654 32.18 平均 117.717 99.842 17.90 15.05 15.24 17.716 15.216 16.43 品比阶段(2新2宿) Variety comparison test(two years planting, two years ratoon) 新植 138.000Aa 132.072 Aa 4.49 15.47 15.67 21.348Aa 20.695Aa 3.16 宿根 129.495Aa 111.780 Ab 15.85 14.50 15.21 18.777Aa 16.995Ab 10.48 平均 133.747 121.926 9.70 14.97 15.44 20.062 18.845 6.46 生产试验(2新1宿)Production test(two years planting, one year ratoon) 新植 123.114 117.800 4.51 15.50 15.68 19.083 18.471 3.31 宿根 111.473 110.622 0.77 15.61 16.03 17.401 17.733 -1.19 平均 117.293 114.211 2.70 15.55 15.85 18.239 18.102 0.76 总平均Overall Average 新植 闽糖061405 142.742±29.772 20.29 15.40±0.35 22.058±5.025 12.00 CK 118.667±8.077 15.48±0.28 18.385±1.469 宿根 闽糖061405 123.368±9.021 19.32 15.32±0.52 18.895±1.501 11.65 CK 103.390±9.379 15.68±0.35 16.216±1.545 平均 闽糖061405 133.055±18.767 19.84 15.35±0.36 20.475±3.242 11.83 CK 111.028±8.099 15.58±0.25 17.308±1.363 -
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