不同配比猪粪渣/生活污泥堆肥过程养分及重金属含量变化

吴飞龙; 叶美锋; 吴晓梅; 林代炎

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.03.015

不同配比猪粪渣/生活污泥堆肥过程养分及重金属含量变化

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.03.015

福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所, 福建福州 350003

基金项目:

福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 2018R1101020-8

详细信息

作者简介:
吴飞龙(1982-), 男, 硕士, 助理研究员, 研究方向:农业环境保护(E-mail:wufl82@163.com)

通讯作者:
林代炎(1963-), 男, 研究员, 研究方向:农业废弃物资源化利用(E-mail:lindaiyan@126.com)

中图分类号: X705
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-24
- 修回日期: 2019-02-14
- 刊出日期: 2019-03-28

Properties of Mixed Pig Manure Residue and Sewage Sludge Composts

Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究不同配比猪粪渣/生活污泥堆肥过程养分及重金属含量变化，开发城市生活污泥堆肥化处置调理剂，实现猪粪渣资源化利用。方法以规模化养猪场粪污经固液分离后得到的渣滓为调理剂，与城市生活污泥进行条垛式堆肥，分别设置猪粪渣、生活污泥质量配比6：10（ZW1处理，C/N=25）和6：5（ZW2处理，C/N=30）两组不同处理，研究不同物料配比处理堆肥过程温度、C/N、养分含量（全氮、全磷、全钾）、有机质含量和重金属（Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb）含量的变化。结果 ZW2处理的堆体高温期持续时间长于ZW1处理；两个处理的C/N均逐渐下降并最终趋于一致，且堆肥结束后ZW2处理（C/N=30）的有机碳含量降幅达到28.6%，而ZW1处理（C/N=25）的降幅仅为2.1%，说明猪粪渣中的碳源较容易被微生物分解和转化；堆肥过程中全氮、全磷和全钾随有机碳含量的降低表现为增加的趋势；不同处理的堆肥产品的重金属（Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb）含量在堆肥后均有所提高；堆制58 d后，各处理堆肥无害化程度、养分含量和重金属Cd、Pb含量均达到NY525-2012的要求。结论猪粪渣可以作为城市生活污泥堆肥的调理剂，且猪粪渣、生活污泥质量配比为6：5的堆肥效果更优。
- 堆肥 /
- 猪粪渣 /
- 污泥 /
- C/N /
- 重金属
Abstract: Objective Waste from pig farms and municipal sewer were mixed and composted to evaluate its utilization as a safe, organic substrate for agricultural applications. Method Manure residue from large pig farms after solid-liquid separation was mixed with municipal sewage sludge for the composting. Two mixing ratios of manure residue:sewage sludge, i.e., a low C/N treatment of 6:10 (ZW1) and a high C/N treatment of 6:5 (ZW2), were applied for the experiment. The changes on temperature, C/N ratio as well as the nutrients (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and organic matters) and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) contents of the mixtures during the fermentation process were monitored for evaluation. Result The thermophilic phase of ZW2 lasted longer than that of ZW1. After composting, the organic carbon content of ZW2 (C/N=30) decreased by 28.6%, while that of ZW1 (C/N=25) merely 2.1%, indicating that the carbon source in pig manure was easily decomposed by microorganisms. As the fermentation progressed, the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased, and the heavy metals increased in the mixtures. After 58 d of composting, both resulting materials met the national standards for nutrients content and safety on heavy metals. Conclusion The mass ratio of 6:5 (C/N=30) between the pig manure residue and the sewage sludge was considered appropriate for composting to produce an applicable fertilizer.
- composting /
- pig manure /
- sewage sludge /
- C/N /
- heavy metal

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图 1 堆肥过程中温度的变化

Figure 1. Temperature changes during composting

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图 2 堆肥高温期持续时间

Figure 2. Duration of thermophilic stage during composting

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图 3 堆肥过程中C/N的变化

Figure 3. Changes on C/N during composting

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图 4 堆肥过程中各养分含量的变化

Figure 4. Changes on (A) organic matters, (B) nitrogen, (C) phosphorus, and (D) potassium during composting

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图 5 各处理堆肥总养分的含量及其组成

Figure 5. Content and composition of nutrients in composts

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表 1 试验设计及物料配比

Table 1. Test design and mixing ratios of materials

处理编号 Treatment	物料配比 Material ratio	含水率 Moisture content/%	猪粪渣 Pig manure /kg	污泥 Sewage sludge/kg	碳氮比 C/N
ZW1	6:10	68.60	240	400	25:1
ZW2	6:5	67.47	240	200	30:1

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表 2 原料及堆肥中重金属含量

Table 2. Heavy metal contents in raw materials and composts

样品 Sample		铜Cu/ (mg·kg^-1)	锌Zn/ (mg·kg^-1)	镉Cd/ (mg·kg^-1)	铅Pb/ (mg·kg^-1)
原料 Component	猪粪渣	230	55	0.16	7.40
	污泥	240	55	0.82	71.14
堆肥前 Before composting	ZW1	240	54	0.47	37.22
	ZW2	240	54	0.47	33.75
堆肥后 After composting	ZW1	273	65	0.56	38.61
	ZW2	262	64	0.52	35.48

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