Breeding a New Sweet-waxy Maize, Tiannuo 133
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摘要:
目的 为促进种植业结构调整，满足消费者对糯玉米新品种的需求，通过自交系的创制，选育品质更佳的甜加糯品种供推广种植。 方法 2012年冬，采用自育自交系×外引自交系的杂交模式，组配多个玉米自交系杂交组合；2013年鉴定筛选出若干组合于2014-2015年参加联合多点品比试验，在品比试验中，改01-1b×中zip233表现最佳，于2015年定名为甜糯133。 结果 2016-2017年，甜糯133参加福建省甜糯玉米品种区域试验，2年平均产量15 793.6 kg·hm-2，比对照品种苏玉糯5号增产22.79%。2018年4月通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审玉20180007）。 结论 该品种属中大穗型甜加糯鲜食玉米单交种，具有适应性广、丰产性好、稳产性较高、品质优等特点，适宜在福建省及相似生态区推广种植。 Abstract:Objective To adjust the maize farming in Fujian and meet the increasing market demand for sweet-waxy variety. Method A hybrid model of self-bred inbred lines×exogenous inbred lines was designed in 2012.In the following year, among the combinations submitted to the 2014-2015 joint multi-point comparison test the gai 01-1b×zhong zip233, named Tiannuo 133, was rated the best on performances. Result At the Regional Trial on Sweet Maize Varieties in Fujian In 2016 and 2017, Tiannuo 133 showed an average yield of 15 793.6 kg·hm-2, which was 22.79% higher than that of the reference. Subsequently, the new variety was certified in 2018 by the provincial evaluation. Conclusion Tiannuo 133 was a single-crossing sweet-waxy maize with medium-to-large ears that was suitable for food consumption. It exhibited desirable adaptability, yield, stability and quality and was recommended for extended cultivation in the province as well as similar ecological regions. -
Key words:
- sweet-waxy maize /
- new variety /
- Tiannuo 133 /
- breeding
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表 1 2014年春季糯玉米品种多点品比试验产量
Table 1. Production yield of sweet-waxy maize in trial of spring 2014
品种
Variety地点
Locale产量Yield
/(kg·hm-2)比对照
±Than CK±
/%位次
Precedence甜糯133
Tiannuo133埔垱 16897.5 6.9 1 寿山 18027.0 10.9 1 福清 15376.5 6.9 2 秀屿 16582.5 5.3 1 惠安 15237.0 7.3 1 龙海 16974.0 5.7 2 泰宁 15382.5 7.5 1 建瓯 17634.0 10.4 1 延平 17247.0 5.5 1 蕉城 16780.5 13.2 1 平均 16612.5 8.0 1 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo2000埔垱 15787.5 6 寿山 16248.0 5 福清 14377.5 5 秀屿 15747.0 5 惠安 14202.0 7 龙海 16054.5 4 泰宁 14310.0 7 建瓯 15978.0 3 延平 16345.5 5 蕉城 14829.0 5 平均 15388.5 5 
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表 2 2015年春季糯玉米品种多点品比试验产量
Table 2. Production yield of sweet-waxy maize in trial of spring 2015
品种
Variety地点
Locale产量Yield
/(kg·hm-2)比对照±
Than CK±
/%位次
Precedence甜糯133
Tiannuo133埔垱 17371.5 9.6 1 寿山 15952.5 6.0 2 福清 15280.5 5.5 2 秀屿 16617.0 5.9 1 惠安 15276.0 6.8 2 龙海 16497.0 4.9 1 泰宁 15865.5 7.1 1 建瓯 17514.0 9.6 1 延平 16177.5 5.7 2 蕉城 16555.5 11.0 1 平均 16311.0 7.2 1 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo2000埔垱 15846.0 6 寿山 15046.5 7 福清 14482.5 5 秀屿 15684.0 6 惠安 14298.0 7 龙海 15727.5 5 泰宁 14817.0 6 建瓯 15978.0 5 延平 15301.5 7 蕉城 14910.0 7 平均 15208.5 6
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表 3 2016-2017年区域试验甜糯133产量
Table 3. Production yields of Tiannuo 133 in regional trails in 2016 and 2017
品种
Variety年份
Year产量Yield/
(kg·hm-2)比对照± Tank CK±
/%参试品种数量
Number of varieties tested位次
Preceden甜糯133 Tiannuo133 2016 14369.4 17.78 12 3 2017 17217.8 27.79 12 5 平均 15793.6 22.79 苏玉糯5号Suyunuo5(CK) 2016 12200.3 12 12 2017 13473.2 12 12 平均 12836.0
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表 4 甜糯133丰产性及稳定性表现
Table 4. Yield and stability of Tiannuo 133
品种
Variety年份
Year小区产量
Plot yield/kg效应值
Effect sizeSd2 CV/% y=a+bx 甜糯133 Tiannuo133 2016 12.93 0.5973 0.778 6.8215 y=-2.3080+1.23554x 2017 15.50 0.6724 0.455 4.3507 y=-1.1206+1.12096x 平均 14.22 0.6349 0.617 5.5861 苏玉糯5号Suyunuo5(CK) 2016 10.98 -1.3549 1.763 12.0935 y=5.8704+0.41422x 2017 12.13 -2.6976 0.876 7.7192 y=0.1685+0.80665x 平均 11.56 -2.027 1.320 9.9064
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表 5 甜糯133在区域试验中的品质表现
Table 5. Quality of Tiannuo 133 as evaluated at regional trails
品种
Variety年份
Year外观品质Cooking quality 蒸煮品质
Cooking quality总评
General comment专家expert 试点Locale 综合Colligate 甜糯133 Tiannuo133 2016 25.10 25.10 61.40 86.50 2017 26.08 24.33 25.21 61.10 86.31 平均 25.1661.25 86.41 苏玉糯5号Suyunuo5(CK) 2016 25.00 25.00 60.00 85.00 2017 25.00 25.00 25.00 60.00 85.00 平均 25.0060.00 85.00
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