Effects of Fertilization on Carbon Emission and Iron Content in Soil at Jasmine Flower Garden in Fuzhou
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摘要: 为阐明施肥量对福州茉莉园碳排放及其与土壤铁含量的影响，以福州帝封江茉莉园为研究对象，设置对照、减半、正常和倍增4个处理，对不同施肥量下碳排放以及铁含量进行了测定与分析。结果表明：对照、减半、正常、倍增样地CO2排放通量平均值依次为（430.88±142.06）、（473.08±52.18）、（435.23±61.21）和（478.75±118.64）mg·m-2· h-1，CH4排放通量平均值依次为（38.84±9.69）、（16.77±10.71）、（4.11±4.79）和（11.92±2.27）μg·m-2·h-1。与对照相比，CO2排放通量在减半、正常和倍增施肥处理分别增加了9.7%、1.01%和11.10%，CH4排放通量在减半、正常和倍增施肥处理下则分别减少了56.82%、89.41%、69.30%。总Fe含量平均值依次为（9.11±0.08）、（7.87±0.09）、（9.37±0.25）和（8.90±0.21）g·kg-1，Fe2+含量的平均值依次为（1.08±0.01）、（1.08±0.07）、（1.01±0.09）和（1.09±0.04）g·kg-1，Fe3+含量平均值依次为（8.04±0.08）、（6.80±0.15）、（8.37±0.19）和（7.82±0.22）g·kg-1。总Fe含量在减半和倍增处理下分别减少了13.61%和2.30%，而正常处理提高了2.85%；Fe2+含量在正常处理下减少了6.48%；Fe3+含量在正常处理下提高了4.10%，在减半和倍增处理则分别减少了15.42%与2.73%。由相关性分析得出对照、正常、倍增处理C排放与Fe3+、Fe含量呈极显著负相关关系（P < 0.01），而减半处理呈显著负相关关系（P < 0.05）。Abstract: Effects of fertilizer application on the carbon emission and iron content in soil of a jasmine flower garden were investigated at Difengjiang Jasmine Garden in Fuzhou. Based on the application normally used by the trade, 4 levels of fertilization were implemented, i.e., control (C), normal (N), of N (H), and 2x of N (D). The results showed that the average hourly CO2 fluxes at various lots were(430.88±142.06) mg·m-2 for C, (473.08±52.18) mg·m-2 for H, (435.23±61.21) mg·m-2 for N, and (478.75±118.64) mg·m-2 for D. The average CH4 emission rateswere (38.84±9.69) μg·m-2·h-1 for C, (16.77±10.71) μg·m-2·h-1 for H, (4.11±4.79) μg·m-2·h-1 for N, and(11.92±2.27) μg·m-2·h-1 for D. Thus, the CO2 flux increased by 9.7% for H, 1.01% for N, and 11.10% for D over control, while the CH4 flux reduced by 56.82% for H, 89.41% for N, and 69.30% for D over control. The average total Fe contents were(9.11±0.08) g·kg-1 for C, (7.87±0.09) g·kg-1 for H, (9.37±0.25) g·kg-1 for N, and (8.90±0.21) g·kg-1 for D; theaveraged Fe2+ content, (1.08±0.01) g·kg-1 for C, (1.08±0.07) g·kg-1 for H, (1.01±0.09) g·kg-1 for N, and(1.09±0.04) g·kg-1 for D; and, while the average Fe3+ content, (8.04±0.08) g·kg-1 for C, (6.80±0.15) g·kg-1 for H, (8.37±0.19) g·kg-1 for N, and(7.82±0.22) g·kg-1 for D. The total Fe contents decreased by 13.61% for H and 2.30% for D, while increased by 2.85% for N over control. The Fe2+ content decreased by 6.48% for N; and, Fe3+ contents increased by 4.10% for N, and decreased by 15.42% for H and 2.73% for D over control. A correlation analysis indicated that the carbon emission fromthe lots treated with C, N, and D significantly inversely correlated with the Fe3+ and total Fe contentsat(P < 0.01), whereas H, at P < 0.05.
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Key words:
- fertilization /
- carbon emission /
- iron dynamics /
- jasmine flower garden
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图 1 不同施肥量对茉莉花园土壤CO2排放通量的影响
Figure 1. Effect of varied amounts of fertilization on CO2 emission flux in soil at jasmine garden
图 2 不同施肥量对茉莉花园土壤CH4排放通量的影响
Figure 2. Effect of varied amounts of fertilization on CH4 emission flux in soil at jasmine garden
图 3 施肥量对茉莉花园土壤不同铁形态和含量变化的影响
Figure 3. Effect of varied amounts of fertilization on content of different forms of iron in soil at jasmine garden
表 1 茉莉花园CO2、CH4排放通量重复测量方差分析
Table 1. Analysis of variance of CO2 and CH4 emission fluxes at jasmine garden
指标 变量 df MS F P 处理 3 13362915.04 15.426 ＜0.01 CO2 时间 10 61461.247 0.061 0.979 处理×时间 30 2414386.151 0.929 0.577 处理 3 21969.063 3.749 0.06 CH4 时间 10 78609.01 6.272 ＜0.01 处理×时间 30 291590.569 7.755 ＜0.01 
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表 2 不同施肥处理的碳排放与土壤铁形态的相关性
Table 2. Correlation between carbon emission from different fertilization treatments and forms of iron in soil
铁形态 对照 减半 正常 倍增 综合 CO2 Fe -0.536** -0.413* -0.737** -0.502** -0.507** Fe2+ 0.097 0.211 -0.174 -0.269 -0.047 Fe3+ -0.531** -0.427* -0.743** -0.494** -0.511** CH4 Fe -0.127 -0.223 -0.141 0.034 -0.15 Fe2+ 0.162 0.276 -0.284 0.011 -0.035 Fe3+ -0.138 -0.248 -0.107 -0.034 -0.148 C排放 Fe -0.536** -0.413* -0.737** -0.502** -0.507** Fe2+ 0.097 0.211 -0.174 -0.269 -0.047 Fe3+ -0.531** -0.427* -0.743** -0.494** -0.511** 注：*表示在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关；注：**表示在0.01水平(双侧)上显著相关。表 3同。
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表 3 不同施肥处理的碳排放与土壤铁形态以及环境因素的相关性
Table 3. Correlation between carbon emission from different fertilization treatments and forms of iron or environmental factors
处理 环境因子 CO2 CH4 C排放 Fe Fe2+ Fe3+ 对照 土温 0.617** 0.110 0.617** -0.668** -0.032 -0.649** 电导率 0.364* -0.156 0.364* -0.427* -0.044 -0.413* 含水率 -0.414* -0.087 -0.414* -0.054 0.427 0.015 pH 0.116 0.26 0.116 0.034 0.442** -0.006 减半 土温 0.621** 0.273 0.621** -0.777** -0.002 -0.761** 电导率 0.202 0.191 0.202 -0.267 0.117 -0.274 含水率 0.133 0.188 0.133 0.122 0.334 0.084 pH 0.495** 0.486** 0.495** -0.179 0.352 -0.213 正常 土温 0.778** 0.283 0.778** -0.823** -0.099 -0.842** 电导率 0.186 -0.012 0.186 -0.390* -0.054 -0.398* 含水率 -0.540** -0.462** -0.540** 0.217 0.175 0.201 pH -0.292 0.133 -0.292 0.418* -0.360* 0.483** 倍增 土温 0.671** 0.387* 0.671** -0.651** -0.145 -0.682** 电导率 0.425* 0.119 0.425* -0.495* -0.129 -0.154** 含水率 -0.215 -0.397* -0.215 -0.099 0.216 -0.151 pH -0.229 -0.19 -0.229 0.172 0.005 0.117 综合 土温 0.644** 0.133 0.644** -0.720** -0.081 -0.724** 电导率 0.257** 0.184* 0.257** -0.372* -0.039 -0.374** 含水率 -0.174* -0.07 -0.174* 0.054 0.231** 0.240 pH 0.151 -0.003 0.151 0.025 0.092 0.013
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