Resistance Evaluation of New Rice Varieties Against Rice Blast and Rice False Smut
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摘要: 为明确水稻品种对稻瘟病和稻曲病的抗病性，本研究通过室内人工接种和田间病圃自然诱发法开展101个水稻新品种对稻瘟病和稻曲病的抗性评价。结果表明，水稻品种在室内人工接种和田间自然诱发的抗瘟性表现相近；FJSM-25（元优2105）、FJSM-26（元优919）、FJSM-70（春优84）等43个水稻新品种对稻瘟病抗性较好；FJSM-21（绿两优2740）、FJSM-23（瑞优178）、FJSM-24（宜优嘉7）等33个水稻新品种对稻曲病抗性表现较好；FJSM-1（广优1029）、FJSM-11（天丰优110）、FJSM-25（元优2105）等9个水稻新品种对稻瘟病和稻曲病均具有较好的抗性。调查还发现，田间病圃水稻稻瘟病和稻曲病的混合发生的比率较高，达92%以上。Abstract: To determine the resistance of rice new varieties against rice blast and rice false smut, 101 new rice varieties were evaluated synthetically using the methods of artificial inoculation in the greenhouse and natural infection in the field. The results indicated that rice varieties exhibited the similar resistance under the greenhouse and the field conditions. The results showed that 43 new rice varieties showed middle resistant to rice blast, such as FJSM-25(Yuanyou 2105)、FJSM-26(Yuanyou 919)、FJSM-70(Chunyou 84), 33 new rice varieties showed middle resistant to rice false smut, such as FJSM-21(Lüliangyou 2740)、FJSM-23(Ruiyou 178)、FJSM-24(Yiyou Jia 7). To combinethe both results, 9 rice varieties showed good resistant both to rice blast and rice false smut, such as FJSM-1(Guangyou 1029)、FJSM-11(Tianfengyou 110)、FJSM-25(Yuanyou 2105). Our investigation showed that the occurrence of rice blast and rice false smut on same plants in field is significant high, the frequency of rice varieties co-infected by rice blast and rice false smut were more than 92%.
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表 1 水稻新品种对稻瘟病的室内抗性评价
Table 1. Resistance of new rice varieties to rice blast in greenhouse
品种代号 抗菌株率/% 抗性评价 FJSM-1 100.00 R FJSM-2 4.76 HS FJSM-3 52.38 MS FJSM-4 42.86 MS FJSM-5 47.62 MS FJSM-6 76.19 MR FJSM-7 23.81 S FJSM-8 23.81 S FJSM-9 100.00 R FJSM-10 23.81 S FJSM-11 100.00 R FJSM-12 14.29 S FJSM-13 61.90 MR FJSM-14 47.62 MS FJSM-15 28.57 S FJSM-16 23.81 S FJSM-17 100.00 R FJSM-18 33.33 S FJSM-19 100.00 R FJSM-20 100.00 R FJSM-21 0.00 HS FJSM-22 14.29 S FJSM-23 71.43 MR FJSM-24 9.52 S FJSM-25 100.00 R FJSM-26 95.24 R FJSM-27 28.57 S FJSM-28 90.48 R FJSM-29 100.00 R FJSM-30 4.76 HS FJSM-31 9.52 S FJSM-32 71.43 MR FJSM-33 100.00 R FJSM-34 71.43 MR FJSM-35 52.38 MS FJSM-36 100.00 R FJSM-37 52.38 MS FJSM-38 28.57 S FJSM-39 100.00 R FJSM-40 66.67 MR FJSM-41 100.00 R FJSM-42 90.48 R FJSM-43 100.00 R FJSM-44 42.86 MS FJSM-45 28.57 S FJSM-46 95.24 R FJSM-47 52.38 MS FJSM-48 42.86 MS FJSM-49 66.67 MR FJSM-50 23.81 S FJSM-51 90.48 R FJSM-52 76.19 MR FJSM-53 100.00 R FJSM-54 100.00 R FJSM-55 100.00 R FJSM-56 80.95 R FJSM-57 61.90 MR FJSM-58 42.86 MS FJSM-59 42.86 MS FJSM-60 100 R FJSM-61 38.10 S FJSM-62 100.00 R FJSM-63 100.00 R FJSM-64 33.33 S FJSM-65 100.00 R FJSM-66 100.00 R FJSM-67 47.62 MS FJSM-68 52.38 MS FJSM-69 61.90 MR FJSM-70 100.00 R FJSM-71 28.57 S FJSM-72 100.00 R FJSM-73 42.86 MS FJSM-74 100.00 R FJSM-75 14.29 S FJSM-76 28.57 S FJSM-77 95.24 R FJSM-78 100.00 R FJSM-79 100.00 R FJSM-80 100.00 R FJSM-81 100.00 R FJSM-82 33.33 S FJSM-83 76.19 MR FJSM-84 61.90 MR FJSM-85 33.33 S FJSM-86 90.48 R FJSM-87 95.24 R FJSM-88 90.48 R FJSM-89 9.52 S FJSM-90 33.33 S FJSM-91 100.00 R FJSM-92 100.00 R FJSM-93 47.62 MS FJSM-94 19.05 S FJSM-95 4.76 HS FJSM-96 95.00 R FJSM-97 61.90 MR FJSM-98 38.10 S FJSM-99 100.00 R FJSM-100 61.90 MR FJSM-101 100.00 R 汕优70(CK1) 4.76 HS Ⅱ优明86(CK2) 23.81 S 天优华占(CK3) 100.00 R 注：R为抗，MR为中抗，MS为中感，S为感，HS为高感。表 2~4同。 
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表 2 水稻新品种对稻瘟病的田间抗性评价
Table 2. The evaluation of resistance of new rice varieties to M. oryzae
水稻品种代号 苗瘟 叶瘟 穗瘟 最终评价 FJSM-1 R MR MR MR FJSM-2 HS S HS HS FJSM-3 MS MS MS MS FJSM-4 MS MR MS MS FJSM-5 MS MS S S FJSM-6 MR MR MR MR FJSM-7 S MS HS HS FJSM-8 S MS S S FJSM-9 R MR MR MR FJSM-10 S MR MS S FJSM-11 R MR MR MR FJSM-12 S S HS HS FJSM-13 MR MR MR MR FJSM-14 MS R MR MS FJSM-15 S MR S S FJSM-16 S MR S S FJSM-17 R MR MR MR FJSM-18 S MS HS HS FJSM-19 R MR MR MR FJSM-20 R R MR MR FJSM-21 HS MS S HS FJSM-22 S S MS MS FJSM-23 MR MR MS MS FJSM-24 S MS S S FJSM-25 R R R R FJSM-26 R R R R FJSM-27 S MS HS HS FJSM-28 R MR MR MR FJSM-29 R MR MR MR FJSM-30 HS HS HS HS FJSM-31 S MS MS MS FJSM-32 MR MR MS MS FJSM-33 R MR MR MR FJSM-34 MR MR MR MR FJSM-35 MS MS S S FJSM-36 R MR MR MR FJSM-37 MS MR MS MS FJSM-38 S S S S FJSM-39 R MS MS MS FJSM-40 MR MS S S FJSM-41 R R MR MR FJSM-42 R MR MR MR FJSM-43 R R MS MS FJSM-44 MS MR MS MS FJSM-45 S MR MS MS FJSM-46 R MR MR MR FJSM-47 MS MS MS MS FJSM-48 MS MS HS HS FJSM-49 MR MS MS MS FJSM-50 S S HS HS FJSM-51 R MR MR MR FJSM-52 MR MR S S FJSM-53 R MR MR MR FJSM-54 R MR R MR FJSM-55 R R R R FJSM-56 R MR MS MS FJSM-57 MR R MR MR FJSM-58 MS MR MS MS FJSM-59 MS MR S S FJSM-60 R MR MR MR FJSM-61 S HS HS HS FJSM-62 R MR MR MR FJSM-63 R R MR MR FJSM-64 S MR MR S FJSM-65 R R MR MR FJSM-66 R MR MR MR FJSM-67 MS MS S S FJSM-68 MS MR MS MS FJSM-69 MR MR MR MR FJSM-70 R R R R FJSM-71 S MS HS HS FJSM-72 R MR MR MR FJSM-73 MS S MS MS FJSM-74 R MR MR MR FJSM-75 S S S S FJSM-76 S S S S FJSM-77 R MS MS MS FJSM-78 R R MR MR FJSM-79 R MR MR MR FJSM-80 R MR MR MR FJSM-81 R MR MR MR FJSM-82 S MS MS MS FJSM-83 MR MS S S FJSM-84 MR MS MS MS FJSM-85 S S S S FJSM-86 R MR MR MR FJSM-87 R MR MR MR FJSM-88 R MR MS MS FJSM-89 S S S S FJSM-90 S MS HS HS FJSM-91 R R MR MR FJSM-92 R R MR MR FJSM-93 MS R R MS FJSM-94 S S HS HS FJSM-95 HS S S HS FJSM-96 R R MR MR FJSM-97 MR MR MR MR FJSM-98 S S HS HS FJSM-99 R MR MS MS FJSM-100 MR S HS HS FJSM-101 R MR MR MR 汕优70(CK1) HS MS S HS Ⅱ优明86(CK2) S MS HS HS 天优华占(CK3) MR MR MR MR
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表 3 水稻新品种对稻曲病的抗性评价
Table 3. The evaluation of resistance of rice new varieties to U. virens
水稻品种代号 室内病穗率/% 室内病穗平均病粒数/粒 室内抗性评价 田间抗性评价 最终评价 FJSM-1 2.03 1.00 MR R MR FJSM-2 8.53 2.00 MR MR MR FJSM-3 27.00 4.01 S MS S FJSM-4 18.65 4.02 MS MS MS FJSM-5 16.23 3.50 MS MS MS FJSM-6 55.63 7.00 S S S FJSM-7 15.30 4.02 MS MS MS FJSM-8 15.82 2.36 MS MS MS FJSM-9 30.04 4.15 S MS S FJSM-10 15.32 2.87 MS MS MS FJSM-11 9.05 2.98 MR MR MR FJSM-12 2.01 1.00 MR R MR FJSM-13 25.32 5.00 S MS S FJSM-14 18.21 2.32 MS MS MS FJSM-15 22.00 6.32 S MS S FJSM-16 21.05 5.00 MS MS MS FJSM-17 33.78 2.00 MS MS MS FJSM-18 24.32 3.96 MS MS MS FJSM-19 42.03 3.00 S MS S FJSM-20 22.79 2.35 MS MS MS FJSM-21 1.53 1.00 R R R FJSM-22 11.23 2.04 MS R MS FJSM-23 1.33 1.00 R R R FJSM-24 3.56 2.00 R MR MR FJSM-25 5.13 3.20 MR MR MR FJSM-26 29.47 3.65 MS MS MS FJSM-27 0.00 0.00 R R R FJSM-28 32.54 3.75 MS MS MS FJSM-29 8.23 1.53 MR MR MR FJSM-30 7.23 2.05 MR MR MR FJSM-31 43.16 4.36 S MS S FJSM-32 8.46 2.69 MR MR MR FJSM-33 32.06 4.87 S MS S FJSM-34 3.50 2.00 MR R MR FJSM-35 2.00 1.00 R R R FJSM-36 0.00 0.00 R R R FJSM-37 10.03 4.59 MR R MR FJSM-38 1.62 1.36 R R R FJSM-39 0.00 0.00 R R R FJSM-40 23.65 3.00 MS MS MS FJSM-41 33.41 3.57 S MS S FJSM-42 22.65 3.23 MS MS MS FJSM-43 21.34 4.12 MS MS MS FJSM-44 10.31 2.43 MS MR MS FJSM-45 27.93 3.14 S MS S FJSM-46 28.23 3.35 S MS S FJSM-47 22.63 3.76 MS MS MS FJSM-48 22.13 4.03 MS MS MS FJSM-49 16.21 2.31 MS MR MS FJSM-50 18.95 4.32 MS MS MS FJSM-51 22.13 3.46 MS MS MS FJSM-52 24.19 4.00 MS MS MS FJSM-53 32.46 3.71 S MS S FJSM-54 3.65 1.00 MR R MR FJSM-55 21.77 3.41 MS MS MS FJSM-56 10.23 2.17 MS MR MS FJSM-57 19.31 2.00 MS MS MS FJSM-58 42.63 4.76 S MS S FJSM-59 6.99 2.40 MR MR MR FJSM-60 10.73 2.51 MS MR MS FJSM-61 19.66 3.74 MS MR MS FJSM-62 54.98 2.63 S MS S FJSM-63 41.07 5.11 S MS S FJSM-64 66.92 3.45 S MR S FJSM-65 31.02 3.85 MS S MS FJSM-66 50.98 6.70 S S S FJSM-67 21.73 1.60 MS MR MS FJSM-68 35.23 3.21 S S S FJSM-69 20.44 5.38 S MS S FJSM-70 20.64 4.13 MS MS MS FJSM-71 11.21 3.27 MS MR MS FJSM-72 39.78 3.75 S MS S FJSM-73 56.88 8.49 S S S FJSM-74 24.73 3.81 MR MS MR FJSM-75 29.91 3.43 S MS S FJSM-76 31.75 3.64 S MS S FJSM-77 5.00 3.66 MR R MR FJSM-78 28.13 3.65 S MS S FJSM-79 44.47 5.32 S S S FJSM-80 17.05 3.69 MS MS MS FJSM-81 19.23 2.03 MS MR MS FJSM-82 15.39 2.78 MS MS MS FJSM-83 8.19 2.07 MR MR MR FJSM-84 63.78 8.40 S HS HS FJSM-85 8.23 2.47 MR MR MR FJSM-86 5.36 3.78 MR R MR FJSM-87 18.08 2.64 MS MR MS FJSM-88 10.23 2.28 MR MR MR FJSM-89 1.73 0.00 R R R FJSM-90 2.90 1.60 R MR R FJSM-91 45.23 6.00 S MS S FJSM-92 39.78 4.13 S MS S FJSM-93 22.86 3.83 MS MR MS FJSM-94 2.98 1.65 MR R MR FJSM-95 25.96 2.44 S MR S FJSM-96 21.48 2.06 MS MS MS FJSM-97 27.14 2.64 S MS S FJSM-98 39.17 4.65 S MS S FJSM-99 19.73 3.43 MS MR MS FJSM-100 1.46 0.00 R R R FJSM-101 7.26 1.87 MR MR MR 汕优70(CK1) 3.40 1.00 R R R Ⅱ优明86(CK2) 2.02 1.00 MR MR MR 天优华占(CK3) 9.05 2.26 MR MR MR 甬优6号(CK4) 86.3 8.70 HS HS HS
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表 4 对稻瘟病和稻曲病均表现较好抗性的9个水稻品种
Table 4. 9 rice varieties showed good resistant both to rice blast and rice false smut
品种代号 品种名称 稻瘟病 稻曲病 室内抗性评价 田间抗性评价 室内抗性评价 田间抗性评价 FJSM-1 广优1029 R MR MR R FJSM-11 天丰优110 R MR MR MR FJSM-25 元优2105 R R MR MR FJSM-29 繁优1186 R MR MR MR FJSM-34 两优7859 MR MR MR R FJSM-36 繁优5518 R MR R R FJSM-54 两优12 R MR MR R FJSM-86 泸优164 R MR MR R FJSM-101 宜优3526 R MR MR MR
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