菌糠泥炭复合基质对树豆育苗的影响

谢宇; 陈贻钊; 魏翠华; 陈沁

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.06.011

菌糠泥炭复合基质对树豆育苗的影响

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.06.011

福州市农业科学研究所, 福建福州 350018

基金项目:

福州市科技计划项目 2015N114

详细信息

作者简介:
谢宇(1973-), 男, 助理研究员, 研究方向:花卉及药用植物设施栽培(E-mail:xieyu73@foxmail.com)

中图分类号: S643
计量
- 文章访问数: 1253
- HTML全文浏览量: 156
- PDF下载量: 109
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-03-16
- 修回日期: 2017-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2017-06-28

Utilization of Mushroom Cultivation Discards and Peat as Substrates for Growing Cajanus cajan Seedlings

Fuzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian 350018, China

摘要

摘要: 以不同体积比的菌糠泥炭复合基质，开展3种树豆品种的穴盘育苗试验，结果表明：菌糠泥炭复合基质用于树豆育苗，菌糠体积比低于50%时有利于树豆出苗率的提高，株高、径粗的生长以及干物质量的积累；且当菌糠：泥炭=1：3时，3种树豆出苗率、株高、径粗、干物质量以及壮苗指数等指标均极显著高于对照处理（珍珠岩：泥炭=1：3）。因此建议树豆穴盘育苗基质配方采用菌糠：泥炭=1：3。
- 树豆 /
- 菌糠 /
- 基质 /
- 育苗
Abstract: Variously formulated substrates using the discards from mushroom cultivation (MCD) and peat were tested on plug trays to grow seedlings of 3 varieties of Cajanus cajan for the selection of an optimal mixing ratio for the combination medium. It was found that a mixture containing no more than 50% of MCD would promote the increases on the height and girth of the stems, as well as the accumulated dry matters of the seedlings. In the recommended substrate of 1 part of MCD and 3 parts of peat, the Cajanus cajan seedlings sustained significantly higher length and diameter of the stems, as well as dry matter and chlorophyll contents than control, which contained peat and perlite in 3 to 1 ratio.
- Cajanus cajan /
- mushroom cultivation discards /
- substrate /
- seedling growth

HTML全文

表 1 不同基质配方处理的树豆出苗率

Table 1. Germination rates of Cajanus cajan on various formulated substrates

处理	播种后不同时间的出苗率/%
处理	11 d	12 d	13 d	14 d	15 d
F2G1	20.0Aa	48.8Aa	70.1Aa	90.2Aa	93.5Aa
F2G2	13.2Bb	41.6Bb	64.0Bb	88.3Bb	90.8Bb
F2G3	9.8Cc	36.0Cc	60.5Bb	76.7Cc	88.5Aa
F2G4	0.0Ee	18.3Ee	48.4Dd	72.4Dd	84.5Cc
F2G5	0.0Ee	18.8Ee	48.1Dd	72.8Dd	86.6Cc
F2CK	2.9Dd	24.5Dd	56.1Cc	84.6Bb	89.1Bb
F3G1	16.5Aa	44.1Aa	69.7Aa	89.5Aa	92.6Aa
F3G2	9.2Bb	39.2Bb	62.8Bb	87.6Aa	90.1Aa
F3G3	2.2Cc	28.1Cc	49.9Dd	76.0Cc	87.9Bb
F3G4	0.0Dd	15.6Ee	41.7Ee	71.8Dd	87.0Bb
F3G5	0.0Dd	13.8Ee	39.5Ee	70.1Dd	86.2Bb
F3CK	1.3Cc	19.8Dd	52.8Cc	83.5Bb	88.7Bb
T3G1	15.9Aa	45.5Aa	68.3Aa	89.9Aa	93.0Aa
T3G2	10.7Bb	40.1Bb	66.7Aa	87.6Aa	91.5Aa
T3G3	4.1Cc	25.8Cc	51.7Bb	75.0Cc	87.6Bb
T3G4	0.0Ee	16.2Dd	41.1Cc	71.6Dd	85.9Cc
T3G5	0.0Ee	17.5Dd	38.6Cc	70.8Dd	84.2Cc
T3CK	1.3Dd	22.0Cc	55.0Bb	84.4Bb	89.5Bb
注：同列数据后大写字母表示处理间达1%显著水平，小写字母表示达5%显著水平，表 2、3同。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同基质配方处理下树豆农艺性状表现

Table 2. Agronomic traits of Cajanus cajan grown on various formulated substrates

处理	径粗 /mm	株高 /cm	干物质积累量/g	叶绿素含量/ (mg·g^-1)
F2G1	2.05Aa	17.04Aa	3.81Aa	36.87Bbc
F2G2	2.03Aa	15.18Bb	3.25Bb	37.38Bb
F2G3	2.07Aa	14.31Bb	2.71Cc	34.46Bc
F2G4	1.84Bb	11.62Cc	1.26Ee	22.37De
F2G5	1.84Bb	10.31Cd	1.31Ee	26.09Cd
F2CK	1.67Cc	11.93Cc	1.91Dd	41.69Aa
F3G1	1.82BCc	14.33Aa	2.81Aa	39.26Aa
F3G2	1.96Aa	14.27Aa	2.64Ab	38.86Aa
F3G3	2.09Aa	14.08Aa	2.45Bc	31.15Bb
F3G4	1.68CDd	11.38Bb	1.29De	18.27Cc
F3G5	1.61Dd	10.56Bb	1.32De	20.05Cc
F3CK	1.33Ee	11.21Bb	1.51Cd	40.69Aa
T3G1	1.79Aa	17.58Aa	2.07Aa	43.26Aa
T3G2	1.67ABbc	15.74Bb	1.73Bb	44.09Aa
T3G3	1.75Aab	16.04Bb	1.74Bb	30.37Cd
T3G4	1.56BCd	14.47Cc	0.88Dd	32.8Cc
T3G5	1.48Cd	12.66Dd	0.74Ee	32.47Cc
T3CK	1.24De	14.64Cc	1.35Cc	39.91Bb

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同基质配方处理树豆壮苗指数变化

Table 3. Vigor indices of Cajanus cajan seedlings grown on various formulated substrates

处理	壮苗指数
处理	F2	F3	T3
G1	1.29Aa	1.13Aa	0.68Aa
G2	1.15Bb	0.94Bb	0.53Bb
G3	0.91Cc	0.79Cc	0.43Cc
G4	0.47Ff	0.42Ee	0.24Dd
G5	0.61Ee	0.46Ee	0.22Dd
CK	0.84Dd	0.67Dd	0.69Aa

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(16)

[1]	郑卓杰, 王述民, 宗绪晓.中国食用豆类学[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 1997:306-307.
[2]	李正红, 周朝鸿, 谷勇.中国木豆研究利用现状及开发前景[J].林业科学研究, 2001, 14(6):674-681. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LYKX200106013.htm
[3]	蒋慧萍, 李杨瑞.不同木豆品种的生物学和品质特性比较研究[J].北方园艺, 2009, (2):1-4. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BFYY200902000.htm
[4]	吕福基, 李正红, 袁杰, 等.木豆籽实饲喂肉猪研究[J].饲料工业, 1995, (7): 29-31. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FEED507.012.htm
[5]	拜得珍, 纪中华, 沙毓沧, 等."罗望子+木豆"乔灌复合模式林水土保持功能的叠加效应初探[J].西南农业学报, 2006, 19(4):611-615. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XNYX200604014.htm
[6]	阿罗拉S K.豆类的化学和生物化学[M].北京:科学出版社, 1987:102-103.
[7]	陈淑芬, 刘晓花, 汪海.白龙江河谷不同品种木豆生长比较[J].甘肃林业科技, 2012, 37(1):37-39. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GSLK201201009.htm
[8]	宗绪晓, 关建平, 李正红, 等.木豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2006: 9-24.
[9]	李明昌, 李剑强.南方地区珍珠蜜网纹甜瓜的大棚栽培技术[J].中国西瓜甜瓜, 2001, (3):25-26. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGXG200103013.htm
[10]	吴宇芬, 陈晟, 赵依杰, 等.基质对西瓜幼苗质量影响研究[J].农学学报, 2012, 2(11): 29-32. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7774.2012.11.006
[11]	高丽娜.早春西瓜育苗技术[J].河南农业, 2015, (7):36. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HBKO201301011.htm
[12]	熊永生, 张利菁, 罗孝坤.平菇废料在花卉蔬菜栽培中应用试验[J].食用菌, 2011, (4):63-65. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SIYJ201104045.htm
[13]	MEDINA E C, PAREDES M, BUSTAMANTE, et al. Relationships between Soil Physico-Chemical, Chemical and Biological Properties in a Soil amended with Spent Mushroom Substrate[J]. Geoderma, 2012, 173:152-161. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Concepcion_Paredes/publication/256716387_Relationships_between_Soil_Physico-Chemical_Chemical_and_Biological_Properties_in_a_Soil_Amended_with_Spent_Mushroom_Substrate/links/0046353c6614b6a475000000.pdf?origin=publication_detail
[14]	时连辉, 张志国, 刘登民.菇渣和泥炭基质理化特性比较及其调节[J].农业工程学报, 2008, 24(4):199-203. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NYGU200804040.htm
[15]	MEDINA E C, PAREDES M, PÉREZ-MURCIA, et al.Spent Mushroom Substrates as Component of Growing Media for Germination and Growth of Horticultural Plants[J].Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100(18):4227-4232. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.055
[16]	连兆煌.无土栽培原理与技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 1998:72.