空心莲子草及其天敌莲草直胸跳甲对高含量CO<sub>2</sub>的响应

丁波; 史梦竹; 李建宇; 陈江; 周若兰; 傅建炜

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.02.018

空心莲子草及其天敌莲草直胸跳甲对高含量CO₂的响应

doi: 10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2017.02.018

丁波^{1, 2,},
史梦竹²,
李建宇²,
陈江^{1, 2},
周若兰^{1, 2},
傅建炜^{2, 3, ,}

1.
福建农林大学植物保护学院, 福建福州 350002
2.
福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所/福建省作物有害生物监测与治理重点实验室, 福建福州 350013
3.
福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 福建福州 350013

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 31572065

国家重点研发计划 2016YFC1202101

福建省科技重大专项 2017NZ0003-1

福建省农业科学院科技创新团队PI项目 2016PI-20

详细信息

作者简介:
丁波 (1990-), 男, 硕士生, 研究方向:农业昆虫与害虫防治 (E-mail: 569277894@qq.com)

通讯作者:
傅建炜 (1974-), 男, 研究员, 研究方向:生物入侵 (E-mail: Fjw9238@163.com)

中图分类号: S543
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-11-02
- 修回日期: 2016-12-06
- 刊出日期: 2017-02-01

Responses of Alternanthera philoxeroides and Agasicles hygrophila to Elevated Atmospheric CO₂

DING Bo^{1, 2
,},
SHI Meng-zhu²,
LI Jian-yu²,
CHEN Jiang^{1, 2},
ZHOU Ruo-lan^{1, 2},
FU Jian-wei^{2, 3
, ,}

1.
College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forest University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
2.
Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
3.
Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China

摘要

摘要: 为明确CO₂含量升高对入侵杂草空心莲子草及其天敌莲草直胸跳甲的影响，测定了3种不同CO₂含量（420、550、750 μL·L^-1）对空心莲子草生长特性和体内营养物质、莲草直胸跳甲幼虫体重增长和成虫取食选择性的影响。结果表明:CO₂含量升高条件下，空心莲子草生长速度加快，种植42 d后，550、750 μL·L^-1 2个高含量CO₂条件下空心莲子草的株高分别达35.60 cm和40.04 cm，分别为对照组（当前大气CO₂条件420 μL·L^-1下）空心莲子草株高（19.83 cm）的1.75倍和2倍；CO₂含量升高，空心莲子草叶片SPAD值显著增加，光合作用能力增强；叶片的可溶性总糖含量升高，含氮化合物（蛋白质、总氨基酸）含量降低，叶片的碳氮比增加，单宁酸含量降低。取食高含量CO₂条件下培育的空心莲子草，天敌莲草直胸跳甲幼虫的体重增加速度较对照组显著加快；同期羽化的莲草直胸跳甲雌、雄成虫均偏好取食高CO₂含量（750 μL·L^-1）条件下培育的空心莲子草。
- 空心莲子草 /
- 莲草直胸跳甲 /
- 生长特性 /
- 营养物质 /
- 取食选择性
Abstract: The growth characteristics of alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides, and the larvae development and adult feeding habit of Agasicles hygrophila under elevated atmospheric CO₂ were investigated.Three CO₂ concentrations, i.e., 420, 550 and 750 μL·L^-1, were applied in a closed chamber for the experiment.It was found that A.philoxeroides grew faster at higher CO₂ concentrations.On the 42^nd day, the heights of the weeds were 35.60 cm and 40.04 cm at 550 μL·L^-1 CO₂ and 750 μL·L^-1 CO₂, respectively.As compared to that of control (19.83 cm), the weed height was 1.75 times higher under 550 μL·L^-1 CO₂, and two times higher under 750 μL·L^-1 CO₂.In an elevated CO₂ environment, the leaves of the weeds showed increases on the SPAD, photosynthesis, soluble sugars, and C/N ratio, but decreases on the nitrogen-containing compounds (such as, proteins and amino acids) and the tannin content.When fed on A.philoxeroides under elevated CO₂, the weight of A.hygrophila larvae was higher than that of control, while the emerged adults, male or female, appeared to prefer A.philoxeroides grown under 750μL·L^-1 CO₂.
- Alternanthera philoxeroides /
- Agasicles hygrophila /
- growth characteristics /
- nutrients /
- feeding preference

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图 1 不同CO₂处理对空心莲子草株高的影响

注：不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著 (P＜0.05)，图 2同。

Figure 1. Plant height of A. philoxeroides under varied atmosheric CO₂ concentrations

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图 2 不同CO₂处理对空心莲子草叶片SPAD值的影响

Figure 2. Foliage SPAD of A. philoxeroides under varied atmosheric CO₂ concentrations

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表 1 不同CO₂处理的空心莲子草叶片营养物质含量的差异

Table 1. Nutritional content in leaves of A. philoxeroides grown under varied atmosheric CO₂concentrations

营养物质	不同CO₂处理空心莲子草的营养物质含量/(μL·L^-1)
营养物质	420	550	750
可溶性总糖/ (mg·g^-1)	6.70±0.49b	12.31±1.08a	12.48±1.03a
蛋白质/ (mg·g^-1)	74.48±7.10a	56.95±3.37b	61.71±1.88ab
TSCs : Protein	0.09±0.01b	0.22±0.03a	0.20±0.02a
总氨基酸/(μmol·mg^-1)	3.54±0.33a	3.18±0.37a	2.49±0.31b
单宁酸/ (mg·g^-1)	1.57±0.02a	1.40±0.02b	1.37±0.03b
注：同行数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著 (P＜0.05)，表 2~3同。

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表 2 取食不同CO₂处理的空心莲子草叶片的幼虫体重变化

Table 2. Weight variation (mg) of A. hygrophila larvae fed on A. philoxeroides grown under varied atmosheric CO₂ concentrations

项目	不同CO₂处理的幼虫体重/mg
项目	420 μL·L^-1	n	550 μL·L^-1	n	750 μL·L^-1	n
初始体重	0.13±0.01ab	270	0.12±0.01b	270	0.16±0.01a	270
最终体重	5.64±0.10c	215	6.25±0.13b	201	6.83±0.22a	170
体重变化	5.51±0.10c	-	6.13±0.13b	-	6.67±0.22a

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表 3 不同CO₂处理的莲草直胸跳甲幼虫的体重变化

Table 3. Daily weight change of A. hygrophila larvar under varied atmosheric CO₂ concentrations

饲喂天数/d	不同CO₂处理的幼虫的每日体重/mg
饲喂天数/d	420 μL·L^-1	n	550 μL·L^-1	n	750 μL·L^-1	n
1	0.13±0.01ab	270	0.12±0.01b	270	0.16±0.01a	270
2	0.38±0.02b	251	0.34±0.02b	241	0.46±0.03a	218
3	0.54±0.01ab	248	0.54±0.01b	230	0.57±0.01a	209
4	0.85±0.05b	241	0.81±0.03b	223	1.09±0.11a	198
5	1.93±0.09a	236	1.89±0.04a	215	2.10±0.09a	191
6	3.18±0.20ab	231	2.82±0.05b	211	3.60±0.32a	181
7	5.64±0.10c	215	6.25±0.13b	201	6.83±0.22a	170

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表 4 初羽化成虫选择性取食不同CO₂条件下生长的空心莲子草

Table 4. Feeding preference of emerged adult A. hygrophila on A. philoxeroides grown under varied atmospheric CO₂ concentrations

项目	不同CO₂处理成虫取食面积 (mm²·d^-1·头^-1)
项目	420 μL·L^-1	n	550 μL·L^-1	n	750 μL·L^-1	n
雌虫	22.20±3.66abA	83	12.42±1.72bA	83	31.61±3.99aA	83
雄虫	16.42±2.08bA	97	8.34±0.73cA	97	26.09±3.11aA	97
注：同行数据后不同小写字母表示差异达显著 (P＜0.05) 水平；同列数据后不同大写字母表示差异达显著 (P＜0.05) 水平。

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