Screening and Culture of a Strain of Metarhizium Highly Pathogenic to Phyllotreta striolata
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摘要: 本研究测定了8株绿僵菌菌株对黄曲条跳甲成虫的致病力,旨在筛选出感染黄曲条跳甲的高致病力菌株,为生物防治提供新的资源。筛选获得1株对黄曲条跳甲有较高致病力的菌株Ma6;室内毒力测定结果显示,在25℃下,菌株Ma6孢子悬浮液浓度8.0×108个·mL-1处理黄曲条跳甲成虫,其LT50为4.09 d;致病力复测试验结果表明,7 d累计死亡率达到100%,对黄曲条跳甲成虫表现较强的致病力。菌株Ma6的生物学特性研究表明,其最适产孢培养基为PDA培养基,最适产孢温度为25℃,最适产孢pH为pH=7,光照条件为先黑暗6 d再光照8 d有利于其产孢。Abstract: This study attempted to find a microorganism that could be effectively used for the bio-control of the major pestinsect, Phyllotreta striolata, on vegetables.Metarhizium anisopliae is known as apathogenic fungus that infects the pest. This experimentation evaluated the virulence of 8 M. anisopliae strains against P. striolata. One strainthat exhibited a high activity was Ma6. The bioassay showed a LT50 on adult P. striolata inoculated with 8.0×108 Ma6 spores·mL-1 at 25℃ to be 4.09 d, and a 100% cumulative mortality rateat 25℃ for 7 d. It was, thus, concluded that Ma6 could be a potential candidate for the pest control. Subsequently, studies showed that the optimum medium for the hyphal growth and sporulation of Ma6 was PDA at 25℃ and pH 7.0 with 6 d in the dark followed by 8 d of sun exposure.
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Key words:
- bio-control /
- pathogenicity /
- cultural conditions /
- sporulation condition
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表 1 不同绿僵菌对黄曲条跳甲成虫的致病力测定
Table 1. Virulence of fungal strainstoward adult P.striolata
菌株编号 毒力回归方程 相关系数 (R 2) 致死中时间LT50/d 死亡率/% Ma2 y=-4.495+3.671x 0.988 6.720 83.33 Ma3 y=-2.937+3.130x 0.924 8.677 62.22 Ma6 y=-1.811+3.167x 0.934 4.088 91.11 Ma7 y=-1.161+0.396x 0.928 11.690 53.33 Ma8 y=-4.913+5.464x 0.982 7.929 73.33 Ma10 y=-2.651+2.649x 0.883 10.021 60.00 YF4 y=-1.967+2.242x 0.987 7.539 66.66 ZPTP y=-1.208+1.095x 0.982 12.684 70.00 表 2 不同培养基条件下菌株Ma6生长量及产孢量
Table 2. Growth and sporulation of Ma6 colonieson different culture media
培养基 PDA PPDA SDA SDAY WBA CMA 菌落直径/mm 47.84±0.72 c 62.40±2.70 a 39.57±0.99 d 49.89±2.02 c 56.13±2.46 b 45.74±0.56c 产孢量 (×108) 112.14±11.84a 40.5±8.73 bc 39.24±2.81bc 34.29±12.09 bc 54.45±9.34 b 0.56±0.28 c 注:同行数据后不同小写字母表示差异达显著水平 (P<0.05),下表同。 表 3 不同温度条件下菌株Ma6的生长量及产孢量
Table 3. Growth and sporulation of Ma6 colonies at different temperatures
温度/℃ 20 25 30 35 菌落直径/mm 28.05±0.58 b 35±1.58 a 38.42±2.56a 20.75±0.42 c 产孢量 (×108) 9.61±0.77 c 50.22±1.48 a 33.97±3.9 b 2.54±0.66 d 表 4 不同pH条件下菌株Ma6的生长量及产孢量
Table 4. Growth and sporulation of Ma6 colonieson media of different pHs
pH值 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 菌落直径/mm 25.13±2.16 46.26±2.02ab 58.33±3.14a 55.904±0.42ab 49.32±6.23ab 45.23±6.07b 32.58±3.17c 22.65±4.25c 产孢量 (×108) 6.48±0.44d 17.60±1.49c 18.73±0.49bc 28.15±4.66a 25.06±1.76ab 21.6±3.32bc 20.84±1.29bc 14.99±1.33c 表 5 不同光照条件下菌株Ma6的生长量及产孢量
Table 5. Growth and sporulation of Ma6 coloniesunder varied photoperiods
光照条件 (光:暗) 全光照 全黑暗 14h:10h 6h:8h 6h:8h 菌落直径/mm 32.26±3.15 a 34.62±3.31 a 37.63±0.66 a 32.97±2.89 a 36.60±1.97 a 产孢量 (×108) 50.81±5.70a 25.22±3.58 b 55.8±2.16 a 68.80±7.90 a 57.67±5.24 a -
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