Effect of Various Treatments on Quality of Fermented Peanut Vine/Corn Stalk Silage
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摘要: 为探讨青贮方式、混合比例及添加剂对花生秸秆和甜玉米秸秆混合青贮发酵品质的影响，设计花生秸秆和甜玉米秸秆10：0、7：3、5：5和3：7等4种混合比例青贮，采用花生秸秆表面分离的乳酸菌和3%蔗糖混合作为添加剂，调制裹包青贮，以3：7混合比例的地上式窖贮为对照进行比较。结果表明：10：0、7：3和5：5混合比例经添加剂处理后，乳酸含量显著（P < 0.05）升高，pH值、丁酸含量和氨态氮含量显著（P < 0.05）降低；添加剂处理后，10：0混合比例青贮料的干物质含量显著（P < 0.05）提高，丙酸含量显著（P < 0.05）降低，5：5混合比例的乙酸含量显著（P < 0.05）降低；无添加剂处理时青贮料采用3：7混合比例发酵品质较好，有添加剂处理时10：0比例发酵品质较好；裹包青贮方式较优于窖贮。Abstract: Varied mixing ratios of discarded peanut vines (PV) and corn stalks (CS) and/or addition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with 3% sucrose were studied in 2015 to determine their effects on the quality and storage of the resulting silage. The PV:CS ratios of 10:0, 7:3, 5:5 and 3:7 (on fresh weight basis) were applied. Three replicates for each treatment were used. In addition, samples of 3PV:7CS silage were stored in an above-ground cellar for comparison. After 60 d of fermentation, silage quality was analyzed. The results showed that (1) in the 10:0, 7:3 or 5:5 PV/CS silage, the lactic acid content increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the pH, butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen decreased significantly (P < 0.05) when LAB and sucrose were added; (2) in the 10:0 PV/CS silage with the added LAB and sucrose, the dry matters increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the propionic acid content significantly decreased (P < 0.05); (3) in the 5:5 PV/CS silage with added LAB and sucrose, the acetic acid significantly decreased (P < 0.05); (4) the 3:7 PV/CS silage could deliver acceptable quality without the addition of LAB and sucrose; (5) the 10:0 PV silage could be acceptable for applicationsby adding LAB and sucrose; (6) the baled silage appeared to be better than cellar storage for the fermentation.
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Key words:
- peanut vine /
- corn stalk /
- lactic acid bacteria /
- silage
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表 1 添加剂和混合比例对花生秸秆与甜玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响
Table 1. Effect of added LAB with sucrose and PV/CS mixing ratio on quality of fermented silage
混合
比例组别 干物质
/%pH值 乳酸
/%乙酸
/%丙酸
/%丁酸
/%氨态氮
/%10:0 CK 28.54±0.33b 4.64±0.23a 1.70±0.67e 2.21±0.12b 1.18±0.13c 1.25±0.24a 3.71±0.94a A 28.96±0.82a 3.98±0.11d 6.44±0.31a 2.42±0.16b 0.22±0.21d 0.25±0.01d 2.60±0.57b 7:3 CK 25.54±0.33c 4.44±0.03b 2.70±0.67d 2.17±0.23b 1.12±0.05c 0.95±0.32b 2.52±0.94b A 25.65±0.52c 4.22±0.18c 4.61±0.68c 2.25±0.19b 1.04±0.24c 0.32±0.07d 1.17±0.60d 5:5 CK 25.41±1.25c 4.38±0.14b 2.94±1.02d 2.29±0.47b 1.72±1.85b 0.56±0.09c 2.12±0.74c A 25.48±1.54c 4.17±0.05c 4.55±0.14c 2.91±0.21a 1.08±0.13c 0.27±0.14d 1.30±0.15d 3:7 CK 21.23±0.99d 4.08±0.08d 5.20±0.21b 2.75±0.12a 2.09±0.05a 0.40±0.08d 1.11±0.14d A 21.12±0.99d 4.03±0.11d 5.23±0.16b 2.92±0.05a 2.14±0.21a 0.35±0.13d 1.26±0.08d 注：CK为对照组，A为添加剂组。同列数据后不同小写字母表示差异显著 (P < 0.05) 水平。表 2同。 
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表 2 贮藏方式对花生秸秆与甜玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响
Table 2. Effect of storage methods on quality of fermented PV/CS silage
组别 干物质
/%pH值 乳酸
/%乙酸
/%丙酸
/%丁酸
/%氨态氮
/%3:7裹包组 21.12±0.99a 4.03±0.11b 5.23±0.16a 2.92±0.05 2.14±0.21b 0.35±0.13b 1.26±0.08b 3:7窖贮组 20.79±0.99b 4.32±0.04a 4.39±0.95b 2.22±0.05 4.42±0.14a 0.66±0.22a 2.76±0.11a
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