Contents of Functional Components in Wild Anoectochilus roxburghii from Eastern Fujian
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摘要: 为探究闽东野生金线莲有效成分含量的差异，采用紫外分光光度法测定闽东4个县、福安5个海拔高度野生金线莲有效成分的含量。研究结果：多糖含量在5.60%～6.20%，总氨基酸含量在3.48%～3.95%，总黄酮含量在0.55%～0.82%，总生物碱含量在0.062%～0.098%。方差分析及多重比较的结果表明，闽东不同县以及不同海拔野生金线莲有效成分含量有显著差异。多糖、总生物碱含量以周宁县最高，总氨基酸、总黄酮含量以寿宁县最高，与福安、柘荣金线莲比较，达到极显著差异或显著差异水平。多糖含量随着海拔高度增加而增加，差异显著，海拔730、840 m金线莲多糖含量与海拔420、530 m金线莲比较，达到极显著或显著差异水平；总氨基酸含量随着海拔高度升高有增加趋势，但差异不显著；总黄酮、总生物碱含量在海拔420～730 m随着海拔高度增加而增加，海拔730、840 m金线莲总黄酮、总生物碱含量与420、530 m金线莲比较达到极显著差异水平。总之，多糖、黄酮、生物碱含量在650 m以上海拔与650 m以下海拔之间有显著差异，650 m以上3种海拔之间有效成分差异不显著。结果表明，植物组织培养种质资源可以优先选择寿宁、周宁产地野生金线莲，人工栽培金线莲可以选择在650 m以上的区域地带，可能更有利于有效成分的积累。Abstract: Functional components and their contents in Anoectochilus roxburghii found in the wild in the eastern Fujian regions were compared by ultraviolet spectrophotometry analysis. Four counties in the province and 5 altitudes above sea level in Fu'an were where the herbal materials collected for this study. The analysis showed that the content of polysaccharides in the samples ranged from 5.60% to 6.20%, total amino acids, from 3.48% to 3.95%, total flavonoids, from 0.55% to 0.82%, and total alkaloids, from 0.062% to 0.098%. Variance analysis and multiple comparison indicated significant differences existed in these contents among the wild A. roxburghii from different counties and altitudes in the area. The highest polysaccharide and total alkaloid contents were found in the samples from Zhouning County; and, those of amino acids and flavonoids, from Shouning County which was highly significantly different for those from Fu'an and significantly different for those from Zherong County. The polysaccharide content in the samples increased significantly in high altitudes. For instance, at 730 m and 840 m, the polysaccharide content was greater than that at 420 m and 530 m, at a highly significant or significant difference level. The total amino acid content increased with altitude as well, but the difference was not significant. The total flavonoids and alkaloids increased from 420 m to 730 m. At 730 m and 840 m, they were greater than those at 420 m and 530 m with highly significant differences. Over all, the contents of polysaccharide, flavonoids, and alkaloids were significantly different between below and above 650 m sea level. The differences on the contents of the 3 functional components in A. roxburghii were not significant at altitude beyond 650 m. The results suggested it be preferable to choose the wild A. roxburghii from Shouning and Zhouning County for germplasm resources, and the artificial plant tissue cultivation be located in areas above 650 m sea level, in order to foster accumulation of the active ingredients.
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Key words:
- eastern Fujian /
- wild Anoectochilus roxburghii /
- functional components
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图 1 葡萄糖、氨基酸、芦丁、盐酸麻黄碱标准曲线
注：A为葡萄糖标准曲线图；B为氨基酸标准曲线图；C为芦丁标准曲线图；D为盐酸麻黄碱标准曲线图。
Figure 1. Standard curves of glucose,amino acids,rutin,and ephedrine hydrochloride
图 2 闽东不同县野生金线莲多糖含量的比较
注：不同大、小写字母分别表示差异极显著(P＜0.01)或差异显著(P＜0.05)，下图同。
Figure 2. Polysaccharide contents in wild A. roxburghii collected from counties in eastern Fujian
图 3 不同海拔野生金线莲多糖含量的比较
Figure 3. Polysaccharide contents in wild A. roxburghii collected at different altitudes
图 4 闽东不同县野生金线莲氨基酸含量的比较
Figure 4. Amino acid contents in wild A. roxburghii collected from counties in eastern Fujian
图 5 不同海拔野生金线莲氨基酸含量的比较
Figure 5. Amino acid contents in wild A. roxburghii collected at different altitudes
图 6 闽东不同县野生金线莲黄酮含量的比较
Figure 6. Flavonoid contents in wild A. roxburghii collected from counties in eastern Fujian
图 7 不同海拔野生金线莲黄酮含量的比较
Figure 7. Flavonoid contents in wild A. roxburghii collected at different altitudes
图 8 闽东不同县野生金线莲生物碱含量的比较
Figure 8. Alkaloid contents in wild A. roxburghii collected from counties in eastern Fujian
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