摘要:
为解决低温环境下厌氧沼气发酵效率低的问题,构建选育耐低温厌氧发酵产沼气菌群。采集农家的干牛粪,经低温继代富集培养,获得1组耐低温厌氧发酵产沼气菌群5#,并将其用养猪场污水处理工程的厌氧污水驯化,获得可在15℃产沼气的菌群Y5S,采用高通量测序技术,分析比较菌群5#、Y5S以及厌氧污水中原始菌群YJ的原核微生物群落结构。结果显示3个菌群均含有厚壁菌门Firmicutes、拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes、互养菌门Synergistetes、变形菌门Proteobacteria、螺旋体门Spirochaetes和疣微菌门Verrucomicrobia。其中覆盖100%样品的微生物组核心种群Core microbiome有85个,属厚壁菌门Firmicutes的梭菌纲clostridia。在属分类水平上3菌群共有的原核微生物为:醋酸杆菌属Acetobacterium、柠檬酸杆菌属Citrobacter、梭菌属Clostridium、脱硫叶菌属Desulfobulbus、脱硫微菌Desulfomicrobium、噬氢菌属Hydrogenophaga、颤螺旋菌属Oscillospira、Parabacteroides、瘤胃球菌属Ruminococcus、Sedimentibacter、鞘脂单胞菌属Sphingomonas、硫磺单胞菌属Sulfurospirillum、互营单胞菌属Syntrophomonas、明串珠菌属Trichococcus和Devosia等。互养菌门Synergistetes在菌群Y5S中丰度占比较高,可能对沼气产生有较大作用。
关键词:
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低温 /
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厌氧发酵 /
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沼气 /
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细菌群落 /
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高通量测序
Abstract:
To improve the efficiency of anaerobic,low-temperature bioconversion of waste materials to methane, 3 groups of psychrophilic microflora were studied. Dried cow manure was collected from local cattle farms for an enrichment culture at 15℃.From the culture,Group #5 microflora was identified as a potential source for further investigation. The microbes of the group were inoculated in the waste water effluent from a pig farm to obtaine the low-temperature resistant Group Y5S. The microbial communities of Y5S,#5, and YJ (a microflora group originated from pig farm sewer)were compared. In all 3 groups, microbes belong to the phylums of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Synergistetes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, and Verrucomicrobia were found.They shared 85 core microbiomes of Clostridia class in Firmicutes phylum,as indicated by the high-throughput sequencing.At genus level,these psychrophiles included Acetobacterium, Citrobacter, Clostridium, Desulfobulbus, Desulfomicrobium,Hydrogenophaga, Oscillospira, Parabacteroides, Ruminococcus, Sedimentibacter, Sphingomonas, Sulfurospirillum, Syntrophomonas, Trichococcus,and Devosia. Synergistetes in the mocroflora of Y5S seemed to suggest that this kind of microorganism might play an important role in the biogas fermentation.
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