Effects of Microbial Fertilizers on Microbial Community Structure in RadixpseudostellariaeRhizosphere
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摘要: 以不同菌肥处理下的太子参根际土壤为试验材料,运用BIOLOG微平板技术和磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)技术对根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能多样性进行研究。BIOLOG结果表明,在不同菌肥处理下,正茬土壤的微生物对各种不同碳源的利用程度均最高。与重茬和解淀粉处理(处理3,单一拮抗菌)相比较,复合菌肥1(处理1)和复合菌肥2(处理2)处理下的土壤微生物对6种碳源的利用程度显著降低。进一步利用磷脂脂肪酸法(PLFA)对微生物群落结构进行分析发现,一共有17种不同的PLFAs生物标记,指示着不同类群的微生物,包括细菌、真菌、放线菌、原生生物等。5种主要微生物类群其PLFA含量在所有土壤样品中都呈现相同的变化趋势:革兰氏阳性菌(G+)>真菌>革兰氏阴性菌(G-)>放线菌>细菌。正茬土壤的微生物PLFA总量、细菌、真菌、放线菌、G+和G-含量显著高于其他几个处理。重茬和解淀粉处理的PLFA总量、细菌、革兰氏阳性菌(G+)、革兰氏阴性菌(G-)和真菌含量都明显高于复合菌肥1和复合菌肥2土壤,这与BIOLOG变化趋势类似。同时,重茬和解淀粉处理的cy/pre比例增加,说明土壤微生物群落受到了一定程度的代谢胁迫或生理应激压力。综上,可见太子参连作及菌肥处理对根际微生物群落结构与功能多样性有显著影响,推测微生态结构失衡是导致太子参连作障碍形成的根本原因。Abstract: In order to study the changes in microbial community structure and functional diversity in rhizosphere soil,five soil samples were used as experimental materials in this paper.Biolog results indicated that there was a significant change in the catabolic diversity in response to microbial fertilizer treatments.There was a highest metabolic activity in utilizing carbon in the newly planted soil.Compared to the second year-monoculture soil and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-treated soil(treatment 3),the metabolic activities of 6kinds of carbon were lower in microbial fertilizers-treated soils(treatments 1and 2).PLFA results showed that 27 kinds of PLFA biomarkers were extracted from five soil samples.The group-specific PLFAs in five soil samples showed the same trend that gram-positive bacteria(G +)>fungi> gram-negative bacteria(G-)> bacteria > actinomycete.Compared to the second year-monoculture soil and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-treated soil,,the contents of these group-specific PLFAswere significantly lower inmicrobial fertilizers-treated soils(treatments 1and 2).The variability in the PLFA profiles was consistent with the changes in BIOLOGfingerprinting.Moreover,the ratio of cyclopropyl PLFAs to their metabolic precursors(cy/pre)was greatly higher in the second year-monoculture soil and Bacillus amyloliquef aciens-treated soil than in the microbial fertilizers-treated soils,implying higher physiological stresses in microbial communities in the consecutively monocultured soils.In conclusion,Radix pseudostellariae monoculture and microbial fertilizer treatments had great effects on the microbial community structure and functional diversity.It suggested that the imbalance in soil microbial community was one of the main reasons for consecutive monoculture problems of Radix pseudostellariae.
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Key words:
- Radix pseudostellariae /
- microbial fertilizer /
- BIOLOG /
- PLFA
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