Inhibition on Bipolaria maydis and Disease Control on Southern Corn Leaf Blight of Various Fungicides
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摘要: 为筛选防治玉米小斑病有效的杀菌剂,采用菌丝生长速率法和含药培养基平板表面孢子萌发法分别测定不同杀菌剂对玉米小斑病菌的抑制作用,并通过盆栽试验测定了杀菌剂对玉米小斑病的防治效果。结果表明,氟啶胺、咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑等9种杀菌剂对病菌菌丝生长抑制效果较好,EC50值均低于1μg·mL-1,百菌清和代森锰锌的抑制作用较差,EC50值分别为7.607 5、12.067 1μg·mL-1。百菌清、代森锰锌、吡唑醚菌酯、氟啶胺、异菌脲对病菌孢子的萌发具有较强的抑制效果,其EC50值分别为0.356 5、0.452 3、1.709 3、2.976 3、37.579 5μg·mL-1,而其他DMIs类杀菌剂对病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用较差,EC50值均高于160μg·mL-1。此外,接菌前2h喷药,50%异菌脲SC 1 000倍液、75%百菌清WP 600倍液、80%代森锰锌WP 1 000倍液和50%氟啶胺SC 2 000倍液对玉米小斑病的防治效果可达80%以上。Abstract: This study aimed to select effective fungicides for the control of the southern corn leaf blight caused by Bipolaria maydis.Toxicities of various fungicides were determined according to the rates of the mycelial growth and spore germination of B.maydisin media containing the fungicides.The efficacies of the fungicides in controlling the disease were evaluated by apot experimentation.The results showed that 9fungicides,including fluazinam,prochloraz,and difenoconazole,had a strong inhibition effect on the mycelial growth of B.maydis,with EC50 lower than 1μg·mL-1.Chlorothalonil and mancozeb were not effective in retarding the fungal growth,with EC50 of 7.6075 and 12.0671μg·mL-1,respectively.However,chlorothalonil,mancozeb,pyraclostrobin,fluazinam,and iprodione were found highly inhibitive on the spore germination,with EC50 of 0.3565,0.4523,1.7093,2.9763,and 37.5795μg·mL-1,respectively.Other DMI fungicides were low in inhibiting the spore germination,with EC50 above 160μg·mL-1.The control effect of spraying 1,000-time dilution of 50%iprodione SC,600-time dilution of 75% chlorothalonil WP,1,000-time dilution of 80% mancozeb WP,or 2,000-time dilution of 50%fluazinam SC 2hprior to inoculation was greater than 80% on the pathogen.
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Key words:
- corn /
- Bipolaria maydis /
- fungicide /
- toxicity determination /
- disease control
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