Genome Editing and Its Application for Genetic Improvements of Plants
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摘要: 以类转录激活因子效应物核酸酶(transcription activator-like effector nucleases,TALENs)和II型CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)为代表的基因组编辑技术,是植物基因功能研究和遗传改良的一种高效辅助工具。TALENs和CRISPR/Cas9能够精确地在植物基因组DNA序列上造成双链断裂(double strand break,DSB),激发细胞自身同源重组(homologous recombination,HR)和非同源末端接合(nonhomologous end-joining,NHEJ)的修复机制,从而完成对植物基因组的靶向修饰。本研究对这2种基因组编辑技术在结构特征、技术原理以及在植物靶向修饰上的应用展开了综述,并对TALENs和CRISPR/Cas9系统的应用前景进行了展望。
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关键词:
- 植物 /
- 基因组编辑技术 /
- TALENs /
- CRISPR/Cas9
Abstract: Technology of precise genome editing based on the transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs)and the type II clustered regularly interpaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR/Cas9)has been a powerful auxiliary tool for research on genetic functions and improvements of plants.TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 can induce a double strand break(DSB)between the bound sequence resulting in cellular repairs on DSB through either the homologous recombination(HR)or non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)pathway prior to making modifications on the target genome.This article reviews the information relevant to TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 based on the structure characteristics,action principle and applications of target modification on plants.Potential applications of the advanced technology were also discussed.-
Key words:
- plants /
- genome editing /
- TALENs /
- CRISPR/Cas9
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