Study on the Storage Technology for Three Main Vegetable Varieties in Fujian Based on Freezing Point Measurement
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摘要: 基于西芹、花椰菜、结球甘蓝的冰点确定,研究分析近冰温贮藏对其贮期及货架期品质的影响。分别以西芹、花椰菜、结球甘蓝为材料,采用高精度电子温度设备建立块状组织和浆体组织的冰温曲线,确定冰点;以感官评价及营养成分为评判指标,研究5℃冷藏、近冰温贮藏及结合臭氧杀菌的近冰温贮藏3种处理对蔬菜贮期及其货架品质的影响。结果表明,同一蔬菜品种的块体组织和浆体组织冰点基本相同,冰点与其含水量呈正相关,西芹、花椰菜和结球甘蓝的冰点分别为-0.6℃、-0.9℃、-0.7℃。贮藏期内,西芹、花椰菜、结球甘蓝采用臭氧杀菌结合近冰温贮藏的感官品质最佳;而西芹、花椰菜、结球甘蓝近冰温贮藏的Vc含量分别是5℃贮藏的1.77~1.84、1.42~1.45倍及1.65~1.68倍。货架期内,西芹、花椰菜、结球甘蓝的冰温贮藏比5℃贮藏延长货架期2~3、6、4d,Vc含量分别是5℃贮藏的1.82~1.86、1.44~1.45、2.17~2.19倍,且前者货架期失重率均低于后者;臭氧杀菌对货架期品质影响不显著。臭氧杀菌结合近冰温有利于提高西芹、花椰菜、结球甘蓝的贮藏期感官品质;近冰温贮藏有利于延长货架期、提高货架期感官品质,减少贮藏期及货架期的失重率并保持Vc含量。Abstract: Based on the freezing point temperature(FPT)of celery,cauliflower and head cabbage,the effects of approaching FPT storage were studied on vegetable quality during storage and shelf life. With high precision electron temperature equipment,the freezing temperature curves were established for the bulk microstructure and the slurry body of celery,cauliflower and head cabbage,and their FPT were determined.The vegetables were stored at 5℃,approaching FPT,approaching FPT combined with ozone sterilization,respectively;and the effects of three treatments were studied on the storage and shelf qualities of the vegetables with sensory and nutrient indices.The results showed that for every vegetable variety,the FPT of bulk tissue was similar with its plasma tissue and the FPT was positively correlative to the water content of the vegetable.The FPT of celery,cauliflower and head cabbage were- 0.6℃,- 0.9℃and- 0.7℃,respectively.Sensory qualities of celery,cauliflower and head cabbage stored at approaching FPT combined with ozone sterilization were the best during storage period,and their Vc contents stored at approaching FPT were 1.77-1.84,1.42-1.45 and 1.65-1.68 times higher than those at 5℃ storage,respectively.Comparing with 5℃storage,shelf life of the three vegetables stored with approaching FPT were about 2-3,6and 4days longer,and their Vc contents were higher for 1.82-1.86,1.44-1.45and2.17-2.19 times,respectively,during shelf life period.The loss rate of weight for vegetables were lower in approaching FPT storage than those in 5℃storage.Influence of ozone sterilization on shelf life quality was not significant.Therefore approaching FPT storage combined with ozone sterilization was beneficial for improving the sensory qualities of stored celery,cauliflower and head cabbage;approaching FPT storage could extend shelf life and improve the sensory quality during shelf life,to reduce weight loss of stored vegetables and maintain their Vc contents during storage and shelf life.
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Key words:
- freezing point /
- storage /
- freezing temperature curve /
- vegetable /
- shelf life
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