摘要:
以‘玉环柚’果实为试材,观察了大棚设施栽培对‘玉环柚’物候期和果实裂果的影响,测定了大棚与露地栽培‘玉环柚’果实发育过程中单果重、色泽与糖、有机酸等品质成分的变化动态。结果表明,大棚设施栽培使‘玉环柚’物候期提前,成熟期提早10d,裂果率下降21个百分点。大棚设施栽培对单果重几乎没有影响,但提高了转色期色泽参数的L、a*、b*值,表明大棚设施栽培促进‘玉环柚’着色。蔗糖是‘玉环柚’果实积累的主要糖,占总糖含量的76%;葡萄糖和果糖在果实发育过程几乎保持恒定水平,二者之和仅占总糖含量的25%;大棚设施环境对‘玉环柚’果肉蔗糖含量影响较大,整个果实发育过程中大棚果的蔗糖含量都高于露地,且大棚栽培的‘玉环柚’蔗糖含量提早约45d。‘玉环柚’果实有机酸以柠檬酸为主,果实含酸量除在幼果期较高外,在果实发育进程中都维持在一个较低的水平;大棚果的酸含量与露地果接近或略有下降,表明大棚栽培方式对‘玉环柚’果实酸含量影响不大。以上结果表明,大棚环境有利于‘玉环柚’果实着色和糖分积累,起促早成熟、防裂果与提高品质的效应。
关键词:
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玉环柚 /
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大棚 /
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果实发育 /
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品质
Abstract:
Phenophase and fruit cracking of Yuhuangyou pomelos(Citrus grandis Osbeck cv.Yuhuanyou)grown in open field and a greenhousewere compared.The changes on the fresh weight,color parameters,sugars and organic acids of the fruits in their development stages were observed.The results showed that the fruits ripened 10 ds earlier in the greenhouse than in the open field.The fruit cracking rate decreased 21% in the greenhouse as compared to the open field.Little difference in fruit weight was found between them.The color measurements of L,a* and b*on the fruits during maturation indicated that the greenhouse cultivation facilitated the color formation,more so than in the open field.Sucrose was the main component in the largely constant 76% of the total sugar content,with glucose and fructose accounted for 25%,in the pomelos.The greenhouse cultivation also allowed the fruits to reach its maximum sugar content one and a half month earlier than those inthe field.The major organic acid in the Yuhuanyou pomelo flesh was citric acid.It remained at a relatively low level throughout the entire fruit development stage.And,the greenhouse exerted no significant effect on the acid content in the fruits.The results showed that the greenhouse cultivation benefited fruit coloring,sugar accumulation,early maturation,cracking prevention and over-all quality for Yuhuanyou pomelos.
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