Abstract: Systematic monitoring results of rat situation in Yunxiao County (Fujian Province) from 2002 to 2011showed that Rattus rattoides is a dominant specie in residential areas, accounting for 84.5%.There is obvious seasonal fluctuation, monthly average catch rate (5.4%-9.2%) , two peak of catch rate in a year, though the population dynamics is stable relatively.Normally, the sex ratio (♀/♂) of Rattus rattoides was 1.5:1and the Pregnant rats was found in a year.Meantime, the monthly pregnant rate, reproductive index were 45.9%, 160.6%, suggesting that Rattus rattoides has a greater reproductive capacity.Our results will put forward to the sustainable control strategy of farmland rodent and provides the reference for scientific deratization.