Effect of Soil Conditioners on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soil and Yield and Quality of Tea
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摘要: 为调节茶园土壤理化性状, 提高茶叶产量和品质, 通过近3a的田间小区试验, 在氮磷钾肥平衡施用基础上, 研究添施腐植酸类土壤调理剂 (腐植酸和风化煤) 对茶园土壤理化性状及茶叶产量、品质的影响, 结果表明:添施腐植酸类土壤调理剂可降低土壤容重7.22%15.44%, 提高土壤孔隙度8.24%18.62%, pH2.97%18.61%、有机质8.86%27.22%、全氮9.80%45.10%、全磷6.12%40.82%、全钾4.52%40.16%、碱解氮8.81%45.75%、速效磷0.62%67.55%和速效钾5.56%36.09%;并增加茶青产量3.19%14.24%, 提高茶叶的茶多酚5.21%10.73%。其中, 以化肥+腐植酸+风化煤处理对提高茶叶产量、茶多酚以及土壤碱解氮含量的效果最佳;以化肥+腐植酸处理对降低土壤容重、增加土壤孔隙度、提高土壤的有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效磷和速效钾含量的效果最佳;而化肥+风化煤处理对提高土壤pH值的效果最佳。Abstract: To modify the physical and chemical properties of the soil and to improve the yield and quality of the tea, a field trial on two soil conditioners (i.e., humic acid and weathered coal) was conducted.The conditioners were added to the soil at a tea plantation with a balanced use of nitrogenous, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for the previous 3years.The results showed that the weight/volume of the soil was reduced by 7.22%-15.44%;the porosity, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium of the soil increased by 8.24%-18.62%, 2.97%-18.61%, 8.86%-27.22%, 9.80%-45.10%, 6.12%-40.82%, 4.52%-40.16%, 8.81%-45.75%, 0.62%-67.55% and5.56%-36.09%, respectively;and, the yield and polyphenol content of the tea increased by 3.19%-14.24%and5.21%-10.73%, respectively.Specifically, the application of the " chemical fertilizer+humic acid+weathered coal" showed the most significant effect on increasing the yield and polyphenols of the tea and the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the soil.The application of the " chemical fertilizer+humic acid" appeared to be most significant in bringing about the decrease on the volume-weight and increases on the porosity, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus and potassium of the soil.And, the treatment with the "chemical fertilizer+weathered coal" was most effective in raising the pH of the soil.
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Key words:
- soil conditioners /
- tea /
- yield /
- quality /
- soil properties
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