Abstract: Microorganism Fatty Acids Ecology was a book that described the microbial ecology using the diversity of microorganism fatty acids biomarkers.The book contained 14 chapters,in which scientific issues,theoretic system and research technologies on microbial ecology were discussed with microorganism fatty acids biomarkers.On the basis of 6 000 bacterial species of 150 genus collected by the authors,4 500 species of which were experimentally tested,polymorphism of microorganism individual,population,community in environment were studied.The book was composed of not only theory but also practice,being a real basic work for foundation of Microorganism Fatty Acids Ecology.