硒和丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）处理对苋菜生长效应、光合生理和硒积累的影响

陆云梅; 黄仁华; 刘鸿宇

硒和丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）处理对苋菜生长效应、光合生理和硒积累的影响

荆楚理工学院　生物工程学院　湖北　荆门　448000

基金项目: 荆门市重点科技计划项目（2023YFZD014），四川省科技计划重点研发项目（2020YFS0344）

详细信息

作者简介:
陆云梅（1979.7 —），女，讲师，主要从事土壤微生物资源挖掘与利用研究，E-mail：59736201@.qq.com

通讯作者:
黄仁华（1979.5 —），男，教授，主要从事植物富硒栽培，E-mail：hrh510@21cn.com

中图分类号: S636.4
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- 文章访问数: 11
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-30
- 录用日期: 2024-05-20
- 修回日期: 2024-05-12
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-26

Effects of Selenium and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth, Photosynthesis and Selenium Accumulation of Amaranthus tricolor L.

College of Biological Engineering, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, Hubei　448000, China

摘要

摘要: 目的为探讨丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）在苋菜富硒栽培中的生物效应，综合评价AMF对不同硒形态处理下苋菜生长和硒积累的影响。方法采用盆栽实验，分析了土施外源硒和接种AMF对苋菜光合作用、生长状况、苋菜红素以及硒积累的影响。结果硒酸钠、亚硒酸钠和L-硒代半胱氨酸处理均降低了苋菜红素含量，但对菌根侵染率和菌根依赖性均无显著影响，同时显著提高了苋菜叶片叶绿素a、b含量、蒸腾速率（T_r）、气孔导度（G_s）、净光合速率（P_n）和胞间CO₂浓度（C_i），其中L-硒代半胱氨酸处理效果最佳，说明外源硒处理对苋菜的生长有一定的正效应。另外，接种AMF对不同硒处理下苋菜的生长也有促进作用，且提高了叶片苋菜红素含量，同时增强了光合能力和根茎叶硒含量的积累。结论接种AMF和外源硒处理均能提高苋菜的光合能力和硒积累能力，从而促进苋菜生长和提高苋菜营养品质，通过两者交互处理可作为提高蔬菜富硒栽培的有效措施。
- 丛枝菌根真菌 /
- 硒 /
- 苋菜 /
- 光合作用 /
- 硒积累
Abstract: Objective To provide the theoretical basis for developing the selenium-rich cultivation of amaranth, the mechanism of AMF to improve nutrient quality of amaranth under selenium-enriched cultivation was studied. Method Potting experiments were applied to study the effects of selenium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on photosynthesis, growth status, amaranth, and selenium accumulation of Amaranthus tricolor L. Result The results showed that different selenium treatments significantly increased the chlorophyll a, b content, transpiration rate(T_r), stomatal conductance(G_s), net photosynthetic rate(P_n) and intercellular CO₂ concentration(C_i), while reduced the amaranthine content, but not significantly affected the mycorrhizal infection rate or mycorrhizal dependence. Inoculation with AMF promoted the growth of amaranth under different selenium treatments and increased leaf amaranthine content, as well as enhanced photosynthetic capacity and improved accumulation of selenium content in roots, stems and leaves. Conclusion In conclusion, both AMF inoculation and exogenous selenium treatment improved the photosynthetic and selenium accumulation, thus improving the nutritional quality of Amaranthus tricolor L.
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi /
- selenium /
- Amaranthus tricolor L. /
- photosynthesis /
- selenium accumulation

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图 1 不同硒处理对苋菜的菌根侵染率的影响

Figure 1. Effects of different selenium treatments on colonization rates in amaranth

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图 2 不同硒处理对苋菜的菌根依赖性（b）的影响

Figure 2. Effects of different selenium treatments on and mycorrhizal dependence in amaranth

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图 3 接种 AMF 和硒处理对苋菜叶绿素 a 含量的影响

Figure 3. The effect of AMF inoculation and selenium treatments on chlorophyll a content in amaranth

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图 4 接种 AMF 和硒处理对苋菜叶绿素 b 含量的影响

Figure 4. The effect of AMF inoculation and selenium treatments on chlorophyll b content in amaranth

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图 6 接种 AMF 和硒处理对苋菜根（a）茎（b）叶（c）总硒和叶片有机硒(d)含量的影响

Figure 6. The effect of AMF inoculation and selenium treatments on total Se in roots（a）, stems（b） and leaves（c） and organic Se in leaves（d）of amaranth

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表 1 接种AMF对不同硒处理苋菜生物量及生长指标的影响

Table 1. The effect of AMF inoculation on biomass and growth indicators of amaranth treated with different selenium

硒处理 Selenium addition/ （mg·kg⁻¹）		株高 Plant height/ （cm·plant⁻¹）		茎粗 Stem diameter/ （mm·plant⁻¹）		总生物量 Total biomass/ （g·pot⁻¹）		叶干重 Leaf dry weight/ （g·pot⁻¹）		茎干重 Stem dry weight （g·pot⁻¹）		地下部干重 Subterranean part dry weight （g·pot⁻¹）
硒处理 Selenium addition/ （mg·kg⁻¹）		Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF
CK		14.49±0.08dB	17.97±0.97dA	4.76±0.29dB	5.70±0.20cA	1.89±0.05dB	2.35±0.02dA	0.67±0.03cB	0.86±0.03eA	0.41±0.04cB	0.55±0.07cA	0.81±0.03cB	0.94±0.06cA
亚硒酸钠 Selenite	0.5	16.26±1.11cdB	19.17±1.19cdA	5.24±0.26cdB	6.14±0.49cA	2.11±0.07cB	2.61±0.03cA	0.78±0.10cB	0.99±0.05eA	0.46±0.04cB	0.62±0.04cA	0.87±0.08cA	1.01±0.09bcA
亚硒酸钠 Selenite	2.5	17.12±1.34cB	20.21±1.35cA	5.30±0.28cB	6.23±0.33cA	2.53±0.06bB	3.12±0.06bA	1.03±0.05bB	1.36±0.07cA	0.51±0.06cB	0.65±0.06cA	0.99±0.08bA	1.11±0.04bA
硒酸钠 Selenate	0.5	15.00±0.85cdB	18.74±0.82cdA	5.16±0.05cdB	5.81±0.16cA	1.70±0.08dB	2.1±0.01eA	0.71±0.05cB	0.92±0.10eA	0.44±0.08cB	0.58±0.04cA	0.56±0.04dA	0.60±0.07eA
硒酸钠 Selenate	2.5	23.32±0.73aB	25.25±0.82aA	7.11±0.12aB	7.89±0.25aA	2.63±0.02bB	3.34±0.27bA	1.09±0.09bB	1.52±0.10bA	0.86±0.06aB	1.07±0.11aA	0.68±0.07dA	0.76±0.06dA
有机硒 Organic selenium	0.5	17.14±1.42cB	20.01±0.30cA	5.27±0.40cdB	6.06±0.44cA	2.23±0.21cB	2.84±0.07cA	0.82±0.12cB	1.14±0.10dA	0.50±0.02cB	0.65±0.00cA	0.92±0.07bcB	1.05±0.03bcA
有机硒 Organic selenium	2.5	20.03±1.16bB	22.68±0.98bA	6.27±0.17bB	7.01±0.04bA	3.12±0.03aB	3.83±0.12aA	1.32±0.04aB	1.75±0.07aA	0.66±0.06bB	0.83±0.06bA	1.14±0.03aB	1.24±0.03aA
小写字母表示相同AMF接种下同一列不同形态硒处理间的显著差异，P ＜ 0.05；大写字母表示相同硒处理下同一行Non-AMF和AMF之间的显著差异，P ＜ 0.05，下同。

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表 2 接种AMF和不同硒处理对苋菜光合指标的影响

Table 2. The effect of AMF inoculation on photosynthetic indexes of amaranth treated with different selenium

硒处理 Selenium addition (mg·kg⁻¹)		蒸腾速率 T_r/ （mmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹）		气孔导度 G_s/ （mmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹）		净光合速率 P_n/ （µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹）		胞间CO₂浓度 C_i/ppm
硒处理 Selenium addition (mg·kg⁻¹)		Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF	Non-AMF	AMF
CK		0.79±0.03fB	1.08±0.10eA	17.84±0.42dB	29.15±1.48eA	2.25±0.04dB	4.53±0.12dA	114.2±1.74fB	144.6±0.10fA
亚硒酸钠 Selenite	0.5	1.19±0.14eB	1.97±0.19dA	33.67±1.06bcB	55.74±3.35abA	3.94±0.53cB	5.63±0.10cA	161.4±2.02eB	199.6±0.95eA
亚硒酸钠 Selenite	2.5	1.72±0.03aB	2.59±0.05abA	38.94±1.14aB	57.91±1.10aA	6.63±0.72bB	9.33±0.38abA	202.1±1.32bB	226.7±1.25dA
硒酸钠 Selenate	0.5	1.35±0.05dB	2.29±0.01cA	31.36±1.87cB	45.20±1.35dA	3.62±0.25cB	5.26±0.24cA	169.1±3.24dB	225.8±1.19dA
硒酸钠 Selenate	2.5	1.61±0.04bB	2.32±0.03cA	34.61±0.62bB	56.96±0.37abA	8.50±0.01aB	9.42±0.43abA	201.5±2.75bB	249.5±3.93cA
有机硒 Organic selenium	0.5	1.48±0.01cB	2.44±0.24bcA	33.81±1.08bB	54.49±0.15bA	6.99±0.64bB	9.08±0.40bA	189.8±1.21cB	269.7±3.58bA
有机硒 Organic selenium	2.5	1.68±0.03abB	2.80±0.03aA	37.71±0.96aB	50.26±1.32cA	8.37±0.48aB	9.85±0.24aA	237.4±2.66aB	306.0±5.34aA

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