基于幼果建立梨火疫病抗性评价体系及对77份种质资源抗性鉴定

刘振亚; 苏宣乐; 唐丽; 雷晨浩; 李亚鹏; 但红侠; 张王斌

基于幼果建立梨火疫病抗性评价体系及对77份种质资源抗性鉴定

塔里木大学/南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室/南疆农业有害生物综合治理兵团重点实验室/农业农村部阿拉尔作物有害生物科学观测实验站，新疆　阿拉尔　843300

基金项目: 新疆生产建设兵团财政科技计划项目（2018AB038)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘振亚（1987 —），男，硕士，高级实验师，主要从事植物病理学研究，E-mail：1319737595@qq.com

通讯作者:
张王斌（1974 — ），男，硕士，教授，研究方向为植物病理学，E-mail：zwbzky@163.com

中图分类号: S436.612.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-26
- 修回日期: 2023-09-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-26

Establishment of Pear Fire Blight Resistance Evaluation System Based Young Fruit and Resistance Identification of 77 Pear Germplasm Resources

Tarim University/The Nationa land Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and SuperiorQuality Cultivation and Fruit Deep ProcessingTechnology of Characteristic Fruit Treesin SouthXinjiang/ Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in Comprehensive Agricultural Pest Management in Southern Xinjiang/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Alar, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Alar, Xinjiang　843300, China

摘要

摘要: 目的利用梨果实的幼果建立梨火疫病抗性资源评价体系，筛选出对梨火疫病（ Erwinia amylovora）具有抗性的材料，为抗病育种提供技术支撑。方法以36个梨品种和41个库尔勒香梨杂交后代为材料，利用人工接种的方式对幼果期、膨大期和成熟期的果实进行接种试验，并根据接种后致病力的强弱，制定梨品种（种质）的抗性分级指标，综合评价77份品种（种质）的抗病水平。结果与梨果实膨大期和成熟期相比，接种幼果期果实更能准确评估梨品质种（种质）的抗性水平；在接种24 h后，梨幼果开始显症；77个品种（种质）对梨火疫病的抗性水平差异显著，高感品种（种质）13个，感病品种（种质）11个，中感品种（种质）27个，抗病品种（种质）26个；供试品种（种质）对梨火疫病的抗性不高，其中只有33.77%的品种（种质）表现抗病性，66.23%的品种（种质）不同程度感病。结论本研究确定以梨果实的幼果期为接种时期，在接种24 h时开始观察发病情况的梨火疫病抗性资源评价体系；从供试品种（种质）筛选出的26份材料达到抗性水平，为未来培育新的抗性品种提供研究参考。
- 梨品种 /
- 库尔勒香梨杂交后代 /
- 梨火疫病 /
- 抗性 /
- 评价
Abstract: : [ Objective ] Using Pear Young Fruit establish resistance evaluation system of pear fire blight, resistance materials of pear fire blight (Erwinia amylovora)were Screened to provide technical information for disease resistance breeding research. Method 77 Pear germplasm resources,including 36 cultivates and 41 hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear by Artifical inoculating young fruit stage, fruit expansion stage,fruit ripening period,The disease resistance grading index of pear varieties （germplasm） was formulated according to the strength of the pathogenic response after inoculation,and the disease resistance levels of 77 Pear germplasm resources were comprehensively evaluated. Results The results showed that young fruit stage can more accurate assessment of resistance leve, Compared with fruit expansion stage and fruit ripening period;77 Pear germplasm resources represented significant different on disease resistance,among which 13 were highly susceptible to the stain,11 varieties(germplasm)were susceptible, 27 varieties(germplasm) were moderately susceptible,26 varieties(germplasm) were resistant. The majority of the pear varieties(germplasm) tested was susceptible to E.amylovora, 33.77% varieties(germplasm) were evaluated as resistant, 66.23% varieties(germplasm) were evaluated as varying degrees susceptible. Conclusion Resistance evaluation system was established through young fruit stage was determined as inoculation periods, Observing incidence after 24 h inoculation;the 26 resistant varieties(germplasm) were Screened from the test varieties by using resistance evaluation system,which could provide the selective breeding of hybrid parents of pears,and which could provide research reference for rapid breeding of new resistant varieties in the future.
- pears varieties /
- hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear /
- Erwinia amylovora /
- resistance /
- evaluation

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图 1 梨果实不同生育期的病情指数

Figure 1. Disease indexes of different growth stages of Pear fruit

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表 1 供试梨品种和库尔勒香梨杂交后代

Table 1. Selected materials for identification of pears varieties and hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear

种类 Species	数量 Number	名称 Name
栽培品种 cultivated varieties	36	库尔勒香梨、新梨七号、小水晶、矮化梨、水晶、晚秀、黄花、绿云、雪英、洋梨、早生黄金、新高、新世纪、杜梨、雅青、华山、杂交梨、鸭梨、元黄、黄冠、踏青、抗青、爱宕、巴梨、市水、琥珀、西子绿、学峰、翠玉、天皇、玛瑙、砀山梨、考密斯、改接、甘泉、南水
库尔勒香梨杂交后代 hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’ pear	41	85-4-2、85-8-37、84-22-1、85-2-16诱变、84-17-1、84-13-2、84-21-1、85-2-16、85-2-23、85-8-16、85-10-10变、85-10-2、84-13-5、84-8-2、85-10-7、85-9-6、84-8-1、85-13-7、85-6-18、85-16-2、85-15-9、85-8-6、85-14-2、85-7-1、85-9-7、84-14-1、85-12-12、85-12-19、85-10-10、85-8-3、85-7-5、85-18-17、85-12-21、85-16-4、85-12-18、85-8-15、85-14-4、85-15-10、85-12-24、85-8-18、85-8-13

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表 2 供试梨品种和库尔勒香梨杂交后代在不同时间点的病情指数

Table 2. Disease indexes of pears varieties and hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear at different time-points

接种后时间 Hours post inoculation/h	新梨七号 Xinli NO.7	库尔勒香梨 Kuerlexiangli pear	84-17-1
24	2.42±0.34a	1.87±0.5a	0a
36	25.70±0.95b	20.86±2.20b	18.56±3.29b
48	50.45±2.24c	31.33±2.62c	52.39±1.90c
60	59.30±1.98d	71.61±2.11d	62.61±2.01d
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示同一品种，不同时间之间差异显著（P＜0.05）。 Note： Date with different lowercase letters on the same column indicate significant differences between different times in the same variety( P＜0.05).

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表 3 不同梨品种的抗病性分级

Table 3. Resistance levels of the different pears varieties

梨品种 Pear varieties	病情指数（50 h） Disease indexes(50 h)	抗性级别 Resistance levels
水晶 crystal pear	65.52±2.61 a	HS
矮化梨 Pyrus communis L.	62.56±2.03 b	HS
新梨七号 Xinli NO.7	57.68±1.93 c	HS
小水晶（小宋） crystal(Xiaosong)	50.10±0.99 d	HS
库尔勒香梨 Kuerlexiangli pearp	35.72±2.09 e	S
雪英 Xueying	34.37±2.09 f	S
绿云 Lvyun	34.17±2.97 f	S
黄花 Huanghua	31.28±2.04 g	S
晚秀 Wanxiu	30.73±0.54 h	S
踏青 Taqing	28.18±0.55 i	MS
鸭梨Yali	25.07±0.40 j	MS
华山 Huashan	25.09±0.24 j	MS
杂交梨 Crossbred pear	25.06±0.47 j	MS
黄冠 Huangguan	25.07±0.19 j	MS
抗青 Kangqing	25.07±0.13 j	MS
元黄 Yuanhuang	25.06±0.23 j	MS
雅青 Yaqing	24.64±0.46 k	MS
新高 Xingao	21.77±0.39 l	MS
早生黄金 zaoshenghuangjin	21.84±0.56 l	MS
杜梨Pyrus betulifolia Bunge	21.87±0.71 l	MS
新世纪 Xinshiji	21.87±0.83 l	MS
洋梨 Eurapean pears	20.85±0.75 m	MS
南水 Nanshui	18.76±0.55 n	R
甘泉Ganquan	18.22±0.52 o	R
改接 Gaijie	17.82±0.59 p	R
考密斯 Comice	16.68±0.57 q	R
砀山梨 Dangshan pear	15.87±0.87 r	R
雪峰 Xuefeng	15.63±0.68 rs	R
玛瑙 Manao	15.59±0.38 s	R
翠玉Cuiyu	14.27±0.23 t	R
天皇Tianhuang	14.38±0.26 t	R
西子绿Xizilv	11.24±0.17 u	R
琥珀 Hupo	9.95±0.86 v	R
市水Shishui	5.00±0.12 w	R
巴梨 Bartlett pear	4.78±0.37 w	R
爱宕 Aidang	2.81±0.80 x	R
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示各品种之间差异显著（P＜0.05 ）。 Note：Date with different lowercase letters on the same column indicate significant differences between different varieties (P＜0.05).

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表 4 不同库尔勒香梨杂交后代的抗病性分级

Table 4. Resistance levels of the different hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear

库尔勒香梨杂交后代 Hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear	病情指数（50 h） Disease indexes (50 h)	抗性级别 Resistance levels
85-4-2	72.66±3.31 a	HS
85-8-37	67.51±3.02 b	HS
84-22-1	61.48±3.53 c	HS
85-2-16诱变 mutagenesis	52.25±2.03 d	HS
84-17-1	52.23±1.96 d	HS
84-13-2	48.60±2.02 e	HS
84-21-1	46.44±2.08 f	HS
85-2-16	41.65±2.97 g	HS
85-2-23	40.64±2.03 h	HS
85-8-16	37.52±3.05 i	S
85-10-10诱变 mutagenesis	35.01±2.22 j	S
85-10-2	35.06±1.96 j	S
84-13-5	33.53±2.22 k	S
84-8-2	31.27±2.04 l	S
85-10-7	30.56±2.04 m	S
85-9-6	28.22±2.11 n	MS
84-8-1	25.21±2.10 o	MS
85-13-7	25.09±1.08 o	MS
85-6-18	25.10±1.07 o	MS
85-16-2	25.10±0.99 o	MS
85-15-9	25.11±1.02 o	MS
85-8-6	22.27±1.03 p	MS
85-14-2	22.28±1.04 p	MS
85-7-1	22.22±1.01 pq	MS
85-9-7	22.23±1.97 pq	MS
85-8-15	22.21±1.98 pq	MS
84-14-1	22.23±1.51 pq	MS
85-12-12	21.92±1.40 q	MS
85-12-19	21.45±1.51 r	MS
85-10-10	18.80±1.05 s	R
85-8-3	17.89±1.04 t	R
85-7-5	17.86±1.29 t	R
85-18-17	15.93±1.21 u	R
85-16-4	14.26±1.19 v	R
85-12-21	12.48±0.98 w	R
85-14-4	12.50±0.98 w	R
85-8-18	12.51±1.19 w	R
85-12-18	12.50±1.21 w	R
85-8-13	10.72±0.73 x	R
85-15-10	9.36±0.47 y	R
85-12-24	6.25±0.18 z	R
注：同列数据后不同小写字母表示库尔勒香梨杂交后代之间差异显著（P＜0.05 ）。 Note: Date with different lowercase letters on the same column indicate significant differences between different Hybrid progenies of ‘Kuerlexiangli’pear (P＜0.05).

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