强宿根早熟高糖甘蔗新品种闽糖11610选育及种性分析

李瑞美; 张树河; 李和平; 何炎森

强宿根早熟高糖甘蔗新品种闽糖11610选育及种性分析

福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所，漳州　363005

基金项目: 农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)项目（CARS-17）

详细信息

作者简介:
李瑞美（1969− ），女，硕士，研究员，主要从事作物选育种研究，E-mail：lrm0626@163.com

中图分类号: S566.1
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出版历程
- 录用日期: 2024-09-13
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-21

Breeding and Varietal Characteristics Analysis Of New Sugarcane Variety Mintang 11610 with Good Ratooning Early Maturity and High-Sugar Content

Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou　363005, China

摘要

摘要: 目的培育丰产高糖、宿根性好、抗逆性强的甘蔗新品种，为甘蔗糖业可持续发展提供良种支持。方法以高产、抗逆性强的粤农73-204为母本、抗病性强、高产稳产、早熟高糖CP72-1210为父本进行甘蔗有性杂交育种，采用甘蔗常规杂交育种程序“五圃制”进行选育，通过品种比较试验和多年多点区域试验综合调查甘蔗新品种闽糖11610的形态特征和种性特性。结果闽糖11610植株直立，中大茎；出苗好，分蘖力强，成茎率高；抗倒伏性强，宿根性好。2015～2020年多年多点试验结果平均蔗茎产量为154.261 t.hm⁻²，比对照增产15.11%；蔗糖份16.30%，比对照增加1.43%(绝对值)；平均含糖量为25.145 t·hm⁻²，比对照增产26.18%，宿根栽培蔗茎产量168.574 t·hm⁻²，比对照增产31.40%，平均蔗糖份16.79%，比对照增加1.07%(绝对值)，含糖量28.304t·hm⁻²，增糖40.34%。闽糖11610于2023年12月通过国家非主要农作物品种登记，登记编号GPD甘蔗（2023）350009。结论闽糖11610宿根性好、早熟、丰产高糖，稳定性分析表明该品种丰产稳产性能优于对照，适应性较广。
- 甘蔗 /
- 新品种 /
- 闽糖11610 /
- 选育 /
- 种性分析
Abstract: Objective To cultivate new sugarcane varieties with high yield, high sugar content, strong ratooning ability, and stress resistance, providing genetic support for the sustainable development of the sugarcane industry. Method A sexual hybridization breeding program was carried out using Yuenong 73-204 as the female parent and CP72-1210 as the male parent. the new variety Mintang 11610 was bred systematically through sexual hybridizatior and "Five-nursery System" breeding procedure. Then morphological characteristics and production characteristics were evaluated synthetically in the regional trial and production trial. Results The plants of Mintang 11610 were erect, medium to large stem; good seedling emergence, strong tillering ability, and a high stalk formation rate. It demonstrated strong lodging resistance and excellent ratooning ability.From 2015 to 2020, the average cane yield was 154.261 t·hm⁻², which was increased by 15.11% compared with those of CK. The sucrose content was 16.30%, which was 1.43% higher than that of CK (absolute value).The yields of sugar was 25.145 t·hm⁻², which increased by 26.18% compared with those of CK. During Perennial root cultivation, the yields of cane was 168.574 t·hm⁻², which increased by 31.40% compared with those of CK, the sucrose content was 16.79%, which increased by 1.07% compared with that of CK (absolute value), the yields of sugar was 28.304 t· hm⁻², which increased by 40.34%. Mintang 11610 was officially registered as a national non-major crop variety in December 2023, with the registration number GPD Sugarcane (2023) 350009. Conclusion Mintang 11610 is characterized by early maturity, high yield, high sugar content, good ratoonine abilities, The stability analysis showed that the stable high yield of this variety was better than that of CK, and the adaptability was wide.
- Sugarcane /
- New varietiy /
- Mintang 11610 /
- Breeding /
- Varietal characteristics

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图 1 闽糖11610亲本系谱

Figure 1. Parental pedigree of Mintang 11610

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表 1 闽糖11610主要农艺性状表现

Table 1. Major agronomic character performance of Mintang 11610

	品种 Variety	出苗率 Germination Rate/%	发株率 Shooting Rate/%	分蘖率 Tilling Rate/%	株高 Plant Height/cm	茎径 Stalk Diameter/mm	单茎重 Single stalk weight/kg	有效条数 Stalk number/ （条·hm⁻²）
新植 Plant cane	闽糖 11610	72.17±8.42	--	135.48±43.33	303.3±4.9	25.88±2.92	1.6142±0.3889	87025±22083
新植 Plant cane	CK	68.26±18.01	--	104.63±29.57	324.3±9.2	25.68±0.5	1.6806±0.1110	82803±14918
宿根 Ratoon	闽糖 11610	--	71.92±7.56	87.61±28.04	263.0±22.5	29.78±2.0	1.8365±0.2763	91791±28032
宿根 Ratoon	CK	--	63.58±3.62	77.28±31.06	300.0±25.3	27.48±1.13	1.7849±0.2064	71874±11419
总平均 Average	闽糖 11610	72.17±8.42	71.92±7.56	111.54±42.38	283.13±26.3	27.825±3.12	1.7254±0.3341	89408±23501
	CK	68.26±18.01	63.58±3.62	90.95±24.94	312.13±24.0	26.575±1.16	1.7328±0.1899	77338±14797
	比 CK±	+3.91	+8.34	+20.59	-29.00	+1.250	-0.01	+12070

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表 2 闽糖11610蔗茎产量、蔗糖份与含糖量表现

Table 2. Cane yield, sucrose content, and sugar yield of Mintang 11610 variety and comparing varieties in the national regional and variety comparative test

试验 Experiment	植期 Planting date	品种 Variety	蔗茎产量 Cane yield/(kg·hm⁻²)		蔗糖份 Sucrose content/%				含糖量 Sugar yield/(kg·hm⁻²)
试验 Experiment	植期 Planting date	品种 Variety	产量	为ck%	11月份%	12月份%	1月份%	平均	产量	为ck%
品比 Variety comparison test	新植 Plant cane	闽糖 11610	158016	100.43	--	15.39	--	15.39	24319	115.00
	新植 Plant cane	CK	157336	--	--	13.44	--	13.44	21146	--
	宿根 Ratoon	闽糖 11610	201324	127.97	--	16.80	--	16.80	33822	150.45
	宿根 Ratoon	CK	157320	--	--	14.29	--	14.29	22481	--
全国甘蔗品种第十三轮区试 Regional trial	新植 Plant cane	闽糖 11610	121441	100.61	15.85	16.33	16.56	16.25	19734	112.06
	新植 Plant cane	CK	120706	--	13.45	15.04	15.29	14.59	17611	--
	宿根 Ratoon	闽糖 11610	131212	128.64	16.03	17.03	17.29	16.78	22017	125.86
	宿根 Ratoon	CK	102002	--	15.43	17.66	18.35	17.15	17493	--
总平均 Average	新植 Plant cane	闽糖 11610	140478	100.95	15.85	15.86	16.56	15.82	22224	103.10
	新植 Plant cane	CK	139156	--	14.93	15.76	16.55	15.49	21555	--
	宿根 Ratoon	闽糖 11610	168574	131.40	16.03	16.91	17.29	16.79	28304	140.34
	宿根 Ratoon	CK	128290	--	15.43	15.97	18.35	15.72	20167	--
	新宿平均 Average	闽糖 11610	154261	115.11	15.94	16.39	16.92	16.30	25145	126.18
		CK	134008	--	14.44	15.11	16.82	14.87	19927	--
		比 CK±	+20252	--	+1.50	+1.28	+0.10	+1.43	+5218	--

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表 3 闽糖11610经济性状丰产性及其稳定性

Table 3. Ability and stability of economic traits of Mintang11610

	蔗茎产量 Cane yield/(kg·hm⁻²)				含糖量 Sugar yield/(kg·hm⁻²)				蔗糖份 Sucrose content/%
	平均值 X(−)	标准差 s	变异系数 c.v/%	高稳系数 Hsci/%	平均值 X(−)	标准差 s	变异系数 c.v/%	高稳系数 Hsci/%	平均值 X(−)	标准差 s	变异系数 c.v/%	高稳系数 Hsci/%
闽糖 11610	153582	48235	31.41	71.25	24931	7656	30.71	79.9 4	16.30	0.90	5.52	94.2
CK	134415	30841	22.94	70.05	19645	3109	15.83	76.52	14.87	1.53	10.30	81.5

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表 4 闽糖11610抗性表现

Table 4. Performance of Mintangible 11610 on resistance in Fujian regional trial

	枯心率 Dead heart rate/%	蚜虫发生率 Aphid incidence/%	梢腐病 Top rot/%	花叶病率 Mosaic disease/%	黑穗病率 Smut/%	风折率 Wind-breakage/%	倒伏率 Lodging rate/%
闽糖 11610	3.64	3.5	0	0	1.03	0	0.1
CK	3.49	5	0.5	2.1	2.66	0.25	10.4

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