Abstract: Starting from social and economic development on the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait and the reality of the new countryside construction,this article summarizes and evaluates the poverty-alleviation and development efforts,as well as the challenges and opportunities associated with the policies.It suggests that the poverty-alleviation and development is a significant mission and also an inevitable requirement of the construction of a harmonious,well-off society on the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait.In addition,the authors pointedly bring forward strategies and measures to boost Fujian’s provincial efforts in order to further promote a socialistic harmonious society and the course of new countryside construction.