Abstract: The mathematical DTOPSIS theory was used for the comprehensive evaluation of rice varieties.The data were obtained from the tests carried out in the middle and lower regions of the Yangtze River in 2005.The results indicated that the DTOPSIS method was superior to the yield analysis in variety selection for the following reasons:(a) it quantified indices of the relevant characteristics;and(b) it showed the genetic stability of the varieties.Of all varieties tested,the Ⅱ You 623,Ⅱ You 1259,and F301 had the greatest Ci values corresponding well with the actual performance.The paper also discusses existing problems relating to the comprehensive evaluation of new rice varieties by means of DTOPSIS.