Fertilizer Response and Optimum Application Rate of NPK on Sweet Potato
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摘要: 通过田间试验研究甘薯氮磷钾施肥效应和适宜用量,结果表明,甘薯施用氮磷钾肥平均分别增产27.2%、15.8%和26.4%,增产效果是NKP;氮磷钾平衡施肥处理的大中薯重量与小薯重量比达到6.7,明显高于氮或磷或钾缺素区;氮钾肥在夏薯有较高的产投比,而磷肥的产投比则是秋薯高于夏薯;夏薯氮磷钾适宜用量为N 168 kg·hm-2、P2O548 kg·hm-2和K2O 168 kg·hm-2,比例为1:0.3:1.0,秋薯则分别为N174 kg·hm-2、P2O557 kg·hm-2和K2O 200 kg·hm-2,比例为1:0.3:1.2,但不同土壤类型的适宜用量有一定差异,与土壤肥力和产量水平有关。与习惯施肥相比,氮磷钾平衡施肥在高产田平均增产14.9%,每公顷净增收3 600元;中低产田则增产12.0%,每公顷净增收2200元。Abstract: The NPK fertilizer response and its optimum application rate on sweet potatoes was studied by field experiments in Fujian.The results showed that on average,the application of N,P,and K on sweet potatoes increased yield by 27.2%,15.8%,and 26.4%,respectively.The rates of the increase were N KP.The weight ratio of big-medium to small sweet potato was 6.7 in a NPK balanced fertilization.It was significantly higher than the N,P or K deficient controls.The output/input ratio of N and K fertilizers was higher in the summer sweet potatoes than in the autumn crop.However,the P fertilizer’s ratio was higher in the autumn.The optimum application rate for N was 168 kg·hm-2,48 kg·hm-2 for P2O5,and 168 kg·hm-2 for K2O,in the ratio of 1:0.3:1.0 on summer sweet potatoes.For the autumn crop,the optimum application rate was 174 kg·hm-2 for N,57 kg·hm-2 for P2O5,and 200 kg·hm-2 for K2O,in the ratio of 1:0.3:1.2.But obviously,the optimum application rate depends largely on the soil type and its fertility.The NPK balanced fertilization increased yield by 14.9% and net income 3600 yuan per hectare over the traditional practice in a higher yield farmland,or increased yield by 12.0% and income by 2200 yuan per hectare in a medium-low yield farmland.
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Key words:
- sweet potato /
- soil /
- NPK /
- fertilizer response /
- optimum application rate
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