优质花生莆花1号选育及高产优化栽培数学模型

Breeding and Optimized Cultivation of High-yield Peanuts, Puhua 1

摘要: 莆花1号系以闽花2号为母本、汕油71-61为父本有性杂交经系谱法选育而成的花生新品种。该品种表现优质、丰产、稳产、适应性广。采用五因素二次通用旋转组合设计试验方法,研究了基本苗及氮、磷、钾、钙施用量五项主要栽培措施对产量的影响,建立了花生高产优化栽培数学模型。结果表明,在5个因素中,对花生产量的影响为:CaOP2O5基本苗纯NK2O;要获得4 500 kghm-2以上产量,其最佳栽培措施组合为:保持基本苗29.850万~30.360万hm-2,施纯N:147.660~152.340 kghm-2,P2O5: 78.750~83.280 kghm-2,K2O: 173.370~192.150 kghm-2,CaO: 47.325~49.980 kghm-2。

Abstract: Puhua 1 was a new, spring peanut variety bred by crossing between Minghua 2 and Sanyou 71-61. The variety showed the characteristics of high quality, high and stable yield, and broad adaptability. The relationship between its yield and various agronomic practices (e.g., seeding, N, P, K, Ca applications) for Puhua 1 was studied using a quadratic universal rotation combination design. The results showed that the optimal conditions to achieve a yield greater than 4,500 kghm-2 were: (29.850-30.360)104 plantshm-2, N 147.660-152.340 kghm-2, P2O5 78.750-83.280 kghm-2, K2O 173.370-192.150 kghm-2 and CaO 47.325-49.980 kghm-2.