Abstract: SSR was used to construct the DNA fingerprints and analyze the genetic diversity of 24 hybrid rice cultivars and 18 parental cultivars.Twenty-four SSR primers amplified a total of 74 polymorphic DNA bands,averaging 3.1 bands per primer.Based on the amplification of 24 markers,genetic similarity coefficient of dice was calculated using the software,NTSYS 2.10e,and a dendrogram of genetic relationship was constructed using UPGMA method.The results showed that the genetic similarity among 42 cultivars ranged from 0.60-1.00,that 42 cultivars were classified into six cluster groups with the similarity coefficient of 0.68,and that the genetic relatives among cultivars was well revealed.It would provide a scientific basis for selection of parents for cross breeding rice.A fingerprint of SSR for 42 cultivars at the 12 primer loci was obtained,which would provide scientific data for identification as well as determination of purity of the hybrid rice.