Abstract: The combining ability and hereditary capacity of various yield and grain quality factors of the F1 hybrid rice were analyzed.The hybridization was based on p×q incomplete diallele cross(NCⅡ) design of 4 high quality sterile lines of Indica-type and 5 main popularized strong restorer lines of Indica-type(4×5).The results showed that(a) the general combining ability of all selected traits,except 1000-grain weight,showed highly significant differences;(b) the specific combining ability of all selected traits,except 1000-grain weight,had significant or highly significant differences;(c) the ratio of genotypic variance to the entire genotypic variance of the general combining ability was significantly higher than that of the specific combining ability;(d) other than gel consistency,the sterile lines play a dominant role in the traits of hybrid rice.The inheritability was estimated to be more than 70% for all traits and 90% for some.Either broad or narrow sense of the inheritability was basically same.Taking everything into account,the sterile lines,Luxiang 618A and Yixiang1A,and the restorer lines,Minghui 1259,Fu 819 and R527,were considered to be of value for breeding high quality,high yield,three-line hybrid rice.