Biological Characteristics of and Rice Yield Affected by Sagittaria trifolia Linn.
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摘要: 在晚季稻田自然生长条件下,观测野慈姑的生物学特性,研究其不同密度对移栽水稻产量影响,结果表明:晚季稻田耙平后约30d野慈姑出苗达高峰期,历期约46d;野慈姑绿叶和总叶数呈逐渐上升—稳定—下降的消长动态,新叶生长速度为每3d平均长0.5~0.8叶,新叶生长过程大致可分为3个阶段。不同生长期叶片平均长度、宽度分别为8.45~15.14cm和1.23~2.59cm;平均株高为40.53cm,根数达44.73条;未见野慈姑有分枝。开花和结果历期分别约为28d和12d,开花和结果盛期,每株平均花果数分别为2.15朵和1.85个。其球茎主要分布在5~15cm土层中,约占70%,且直径最大。不同密度对水稻实际减产达2.94%~23.53%,减产幅度随野慈姑密度的增加而提高,当每平方米达20、25株时,对水稻产量影响达显著水平。Abstract: Biological characteristics of Sagittaria trifolia Linn.were observed in the fields of the late-season rice.Their effects on the rice yield were evaluated.Most S.trifolia seedlings sprouted 30 days after the late-season rice fields were plowed and leveled.The sprouting might last for 46 days.The numbers of green leaves and total leaves on the plant provided a quantifiable index for the weed growth.They increased,stabilized and decreased during the weed's lifespan,while the number of withered leaves always increased with age.On average,0.5-0.8 new leaves appeared every 3 days.The average length and width of the leaves ranged from 8.45 to 15.14cm and 1.23 to 2.59cm,respectively.The average stem length reached 40.53 cm,and the average number of roots came to 44.73.Branching was not found in S.trifolia.The durations of bloom and fruit were 28-day and 12-day,respectively;and the average number of flowers and fruits were 2.15 and 1.85,respectively.About 70% of the corms of S.trifolia were found in 5 to 15 cm beneath the surface of soil.The rice yield could be reduced by 2.94% to 23.53% depending on the growth density of the weed.When the number of S.trifolia was 20 to 25 per square meter,the weeds started to induce a significant on rice production.
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Key words:
- Sagittaria trifolia /
- biological characteristics /
- rice /
- yield
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