Status and Prospect of the Research on the Breeding of Hybrid Rice in Fujian Province
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摘要: 统计1991年至2010年福建省审定的184个杂交稻品种的信息,回顾和综述了福建省近20 a杂交水稻育种所取得的成就,通过对配制这些杂交稻品种所用的亲本进行统计和分析认为:(1)福建省杂交稻品种主要是由本省科技人员培育而成的,占审定数的85.87%。(2)"八五"、"九五"期间福建省杂交水稻育种应用的不育系比较单一,"十五"、"十一五"期间涉及的不育系数量比较多,Ⅱ-32A、龙特浦A、珍汕97A、冈46A、D62A、SE21S是配组频率较多的不育系。(3)蜀恢527、明恢86、明恢63、福恢673、闽恢3301是配组频率较多的恢复系。(4)福建省杂交水稻育种不足之处是育成品种中优质品种和丰、抗、优等综合性状好的品种相对较少;能抗多种病虫害和适合轻简栽培的杂交稻品种缺乏。根据上述分析,提出福建省杂交稻未来育种思路与策略。Abstract: According to relevant literature, it was counted that the information of 184 hybrid rice varieties which had been registered in Fujian Province from 1991 to 2010. The achievements of hybrid rice breeding of Fujian Province in recent 20 years were reviewed. The parents of 184 registered hybrid rice varieties were analyzed in this paper. Results showed that these varieties were mainly bred by scientific and technical personnel of Fujian Province, making up 85.87% of the total. The utilization of male sterile lines in the breeding of hybrid rice was relatively simple during the 8th and 9th "Five-Year Plan". But, more male sterile lines were used during the 10th and 11th "Five-Year Plan", such as "Ⅱ-32A", "LongtepuA", "Zhenshan97A","Gang46A", "D62A" and "SE21S". Higher frequency applications restorer lines had "Shuhui527", "Minghui86", "Minghui63", "Fuhui673" and "Minhui3301" from 1991 to 2010. However, the disadvantages of hybrid rice breeding in Fujian were fewer of varieties which possessed high quality or good comprehensive characters of high yield, resistant and quality, and lack of varieties which possessed resistance to multiple pests and diseases, and suitability of simplified cultivation. Based on the above analysis, the strategy of hybrid rice breeding was proposed in this paper.
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Key words:
- Fujian /
- hybrid rice /
- breeding status /
- prospect
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