红萍有性杂交研究初报
PRIMARY REPORT OF AZOLLA HYBRIDIZATION STUDY
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摘要: 红萍是一个有潜力的生物资源。目前主要利用野生种,对它的有性杂交技术尚未见有成功的报道。本研究在这方面取得成功。明确了雌孢去雄后生活力鉴别的主要标准应是萌发率而不是浮膘张开率。从正反交中证明,母本会直接影响出苗的数量与质量,有的母本会产生大量的缺绿苗。由缺绿苗及绿苗中出现与鱼腥藻共生失误及共生正常的现象证实,红萍控制叶绿素合成及控制诱导共生是由两组互不连锁的基因控制。单克隆抗体鉴定证实,红萍有性杂交后代中的共生藻均属母本型的藻。用酯酶同功酶分析可以有效而迅速地鉴别真假杂种,另外通过形态学和遗传学的分析可进一步认识杂种。我们的方法已可取得真正的有性杂交株系。Abstract: Azolla is an important potential bio-resource, but until now there is no cross breeding for its new variety and still the wild varieties are used in agriculture. Recently we have made efforts on its cross breeding method and some hybrid strains have been obtained successfully. Firstly, we have made sure of megasporocarps vigour after castration. The main standard for identication was the rate of megasporocarps germination and not the rate of their opened floats. Also from positive and negative sexual hybridization we have made sure of influence of parent plant on the quantity and quality of seedlings sprouted. Some parent plants might cause a great deal of albinotic seedling. In the phenomena of missing symbiosis and normal symbiosis with Anabaena within symbiotic cavity of Azolla from those albinotic and normal plants, we found that the chlorophyll combination and the symbiosis induction were controlled by two groups of non-linkage genes. The identification by monoclonal antibody technique also proved that all the symbiosis algae of sexual hybrid offsprings were mould of maternal plants. By using esterase isoenzyme banding patterns, the true hybrids and false hybrids were rapidly and effectively identified. Through comparison between the two in morphology and genetics, we could further recognize the hybrids. Our method could acquire the true stems of hybridizable plant.
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[3] Pfeiffer, W.M, 1907. Differentiation of sporocarps in Azolla. Botanical Gazetta 44 (6):445-454, ill. Ref. Dec. [5] 江苏省徐州地区农科所,1979,绿萍的产孢与萌发条件初步探讨。全国红萍科研协作会议资料汇编 44-51 [7] 姜荣贵,1985,红萍有性杂交初探。福建农业10:11-12
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