菸草花叶病毒危害十字花科蔬菜的研究初报
STUDY ON THE MOSAIC DISEASE OF CRUCIFEROUS VEGETABLES CAUSED BY A STRAIN OF TMV AROUND FUZHOU
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摘要: 在福州地区十字花科蔬菜花叶病的病原病毒中,分离物26号是一个重要毒株,出现频率为26.4%。它的物理性质与TMV十分相似,失毒温度为98~100℃之间,寄主体外存活期限为778天以上,稀释终点为10-12~10-13之间。本分离物的传病介体是菜粉蝶的幼虫菜青虫,并能通过土壤传染,但不能由萝卜蚜、种子传染。本分离物的寄主范围较广,在供试植物8科17属23个种或品种中,能侵染十字花科、菊科、茄科、藜科、苋科及车前草科植物等6科12属18个种或品种。分离物的病毒质粒形态,大小为300~400×18~19nm,具有中空及亚基的螺旋结构,在寄主细胞内,浓度很高,呈束状排列。本分离物与TMV普通株有一定的血清关系。所以我们认为本分离物是TMV中的一个株系。Abstract: of the causal agents of cruciferous vegetable mosaic diseases around Fuzhou, isolate No. 26 (the virus isolated from diseased plants of Brassica sp.) was an important one,its frequency being 26.4%.This virus was identified as a strain of TMV on the basis of antiserum reaction, and physical and other properties.The physical properties of this virus were similar to those of TMV, its thermal death point being 98-100℃, the aging period more than 778 days and the dilution end point 10-12-10-13.The virus was transmitted easily by sap inoculation and less easily by larvae of white flies(Pieris rapae Linn.) .It was not transmitted by false cabbage aphides (Rhopolosiphum pseudobrassicae Dav.) or by the seeds of diseased cruciferous plants. Soil mixed with flesh residues of diseased plants induced the infection of transplanted plants.Host range tests were made on 20 plant species or varieties belonging to 13 genera of 8 families. Of them, 14 plant species or varieties belonging to 9 genera of 6 families, including Cruciferae, Solanace-ae, Compositae, Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae and Plantaginaceae were found to be susceptible.Antiserum reation between ordinary TMV antiserum and this virus antigen produced a clear precipitative band, and indicated that two vruscs are related. The particles of this virus were measured 300-400 nm. in Length and 18-19 nm. in diameter, With typical centval cores and spiroid structure of pvotein snbunits.
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