水稻抗稻瘟病突变体的离体筛选与鉴定
IN VITRO SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF RICE MUTANTS RESISTANT TO RICE BLAST
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摘要: 利用植物细胞培养离体筛选生物技术,以稻瘟病菌粗毒素提取液作为外源胁迫因素,对水稻种子体细胞和花粉性细胞无性系,进行愈伤组织细胞培养抗性筛选或花药培养抗性筛选。获得JR19等抗稻瘟病突变体,其抗性反应及酯酶同工酶谱与原品种具有明显差异。R2代部份抗病突变体在R3代仍然保持对苗稻瘟的抗性。抗病突变体大多伴随着株高、熟期、育性或粒重等农艺性状的变异。多数突变体在R2代性状基本整齐一致,R3代则保持相对稳定不变。讨论了抗性突变体离体筛选效果及其在抗病育种上的应用。初步提出水稻抗性突变体离体筛选程序。Abstract: In vitro screening of seed-derived and microspore-derived callus lines was carried out by the biotechnology of plant cell culture, with the raw toxin extract of piricularia oryzae as stress factor.JR19 and other mutants resisting rice blast were otbtained.There were significant differences in the resistance to rice blast in seedlings and the esterase isozyme zymograms of embryoes between mutants and original varieties.Some resistant mutants in R2 were still able to resist rice blast in R3.These mutants were almost accompanied by variations in agronomic traits such as dwarfism, high sterility, heading date or grain weight. Most of the mutants were basically regular and consistent in R2 and relatively stable in R3. The efficiency and possible potential of screening resistant mutants in vitro and its use in resistant rice breeding were discussed. The procedure of screening resistant mutants in vitro was suggested.
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[11] 凌忠专,1984,中国部分水稻品种的抗瘟性分类。中国农业科学2,25. [15] 赵成长等,1984,水稻体细胞组织培养在品种改良上的应用。中国农业科学5:35~39. [16] 中田和男著,1985,高必达译,作物抗性育种与生物工程。国外遗传与育种3:9. -
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