应用抗生素防治柑桔黄龙病的研究
STUDY ON THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS TO CONTROL CITRUS HUANGLUNGBIN
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摘要: 使用盐酸四环素(单株用量100~400万单位)或青霉素G(单株用量400~1200万单位)高压注射柑桔病树,有一定的治疗效果。病树的病状产生暂时的消失,但1~2年后又重新表现和加剧,不能根治。四环素注入病树体内后,在20~25天内便分解消失。四环素或青霉素和湿热空气处理病穗的效果比较,四环素2000ppm-2小时处理病穗的效果与湿热空气45~47℃-50分处理的相当,全部不发病。青霉素1000~2000ppm-2小时处理病穗的效果较差,部分发病。四环素或青霉素500~1000ppm-30~60分处理病芽的效果明显,全部不发病。所以,用四环素处理病穗和四环素或青霉素处理病芽,均有在生产上应用的价值。Abstract: A study on the use of antibiotics to control citrus huanglungbin was made during the years of 1980-1983.The study involved four experiments:1)treatment of diseased citrus plants by injecting antibiotics into their trunks; 2)treatment of diseased citrus budwoods with antibiotics; 3)treatment of diseased citrus buds with antibiotics; 4)test of the efficacy time of antibiotics in the diseased citrus plant. The results obtained showed that tetracycline-HCl(1-4 million units per plant)or penici-llin-G(4-12 millions units per plant)had therapeutic effect to some extent on the disease. The symptoms of the diseased plant disappeared temporarily, but one or two years later they appeared again and even became more serious. Tetracycline-HCl distributed systematically in the diseased citrus plants after press injection and it remained only for a short duration of 20-25 days in the plant, which has been demonstrated by tissue bioassay. Treatment of diseased citrus budwoods with antibiotics showed that tctracycline-HCl(2000 ppm for 2 hrs)gave almost the same effect on the disease as hotsteam(45-47℃ for 50 min.)-No symptoms were found in the young shoots grown from the above-mentioned treated budwoods. The survival rate of budwoods treated with antibiotics was higher than that of budwoods treated with hot-steam. Of the budwoods treated with 1000 and 2000ppm of penicillin-G for 2 hrs,17.7% and 11.8% showed symptoms respectively. By treating diseased buds with 500-1000 ppm of tetracycline-HCl or penicillin-G for 30-60 min., an ideal result was obtained that no symptoms were found in the young shoots grown from the treated buds grafted on the rootstock.
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[3] 广西柑桔黄龙病研究小组,1976.柑桔黄龙病的病原和利用四环素、土霉素的防治试验.柑桔科技通讯2,28-31 [10] 赵学源等,1981,柑桔黄龙病刘青霉素和四环素的反应.中国柑桔4: 170
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