摘要:
田间病状观察和指示植物测定表明:在我省柑桔产区已经发生柑桔裂皮病。1984～1986年调查了7个地区21个柑桔主产县的131个栽培品种,发现4个县的18个栽培品种发生此病,各品种发病率为10～100%。我省主栽品种以及柚、枸橼、金柑类各品种尚未发现田间的典型病状。但进一步采用指示植物Etrog香橼Arizona 861或861-S-1以及爪哇三七(Gynura aurantiaca)鉴定,发现我省主栽品种福桔、温州蜜柑、芦柑、雪柑、改良橙、新会橙等,虽多无表现典型的田间病状,但均已感染裂皮病,属隐症带毒现象。该病现分布在我省的福州、闽清、建阳、建瓯、沙县、永春、漳州、漳浦、南靖等9个县(市)。病原CEV存在毒系的差异。加强检疫,挖除病株是防止我省柑桔裂皮病蔓延为害的关键,此外,还应注意修枝剪等工具的药物消毒处理。
Abstract:
The bark symptoms of susceptible rootstock and the results of identification by indicator plant showed that the exocortis disease of citrus have occurred in Fujian Province. In 4 out of 21 major citrus-producing counties,18 out of 131 cultivars presented typical exocortic symptoms with diseased rates of 10-100%. Trifoliate orange(Poncirus trifoliata (L.)Raf.)rootstock was highly susceptible, but mandarin cv. Fuju (Citrus reticulata Blanco)rootstock widely distributed in Fujian was tolerant. The incubation period of infected tree was more than 5 years. The scions collected from citrus trees with or without symptoms were indexed by the indicator plant including Etrog citron Arizona 861 or Arizona 861-S-1,or Gynura aurantiaca.The indexing data indicated that the major citrus cultivars in Fujian such as madarin cvs. Ponkan, Satsuma, Fuju, sweet orange cvs, Sekken,Xinhuicheng and other cultivars such as Gailiangcheng were infected by CEV. The disease was distributed in 9 counties, i. e., Fuzhou, Minqing, Jianyan, Jian’ou, Shaxian, Yongchun, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Nanjing. It is possible that this exocortis was introduced into Fujian from Sichuan Province,and that the agent comprised of some different strains. In Fujian, quarantine and eradication of diseased seedlings and trees of citrus are the key to controlling exocortis disease.Decontamination of budding tools and other tools is also an effective measure to reduce the spread of disease.
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