60Co-γ射线对水稻抗性突变体离体筛选的辐照效应
RADIANT EFFECT OF 60Co -GAMMA RAYS ON SCREENING RICE RESISTANT MUTANTS IN VITRO
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摘要: 本文报道60Co-γ射线对水稻种子体细胞无性系和花粉性细胞无性系抗性突变体离体筛选的辐照效应。试验结果表明:以附加稻瘟病菌粗毒素为背景,60Co-γ射线对水稻花粉愈伤组织诱导以及种子愈伤组织、花粉愈伤组织的生长和绿苗分化,都有不同程度的抑制效应,愈伤组织生长受抑率与辐照剂量有密切关系,尤以第一次筛选的辐照效应更为明显;ZA1小种粗毒素提取液对花粉愈伤组织诱导的抑制作用比ZB15强;种子体细胞无性系对γ射线辐照敏感性大于花粉性细胞无性系。本研究初步显示了辐照诱变与稻瘟病菌粗毒素相结合,对水稻抗性突变体离体筛选的应用潜力。Abstract: This paper reports radiant effect of 60Co-gamma rays on screening rice resistant mutants in vitro with seed-somato-derived and microspore -derived callus clone. The tested materials included 4 Hsien (Indica)rice varieties such as Ce 49 and Zhen-you No.l1, and 1 Keng (Japonica) rice variety (Li-jiang-xin-tuan-hei-gu). The radiant dose was 0-12 Kr for seed-somato-derived-calli, 0-10 Kr for microspore derived calli,0-2 Kr for placed anthers. The raw toxin extract of the race ZA1 or ZB15 of piricularia oryzae (0.1ml/tube) was applied to the surface of N6 medium with 2,4-D 2,NAA 2,KT 1 mg/1,The treated medium was used for selection medium.And the treated medium supplemented with sterile water was taken for control group. Three pieces of calli (about 1.5 mm in diameter) or 65-75 anthers (late-monokaryotic stage) were placed in each test tube.After screening for 30 days in vitro at 28±1℃, anther culture in dark condition and callus culture in 2500-3000 lx for 8-10 h/day, the growth of callus or the rate of pollen-callus induction was investigated. After regenerating for 30 days, the rate of green plant regeneration was investigated.The result showed that the induction of pollen-callus, growth of seed-somato-derived and microspore-derived calli and plant regeneration were retarded to a certain degree by 60Co-gamma rays, when the raw toxin extract of P. oryzae was taken for stress factor.There was negative relation between the growth of calli and radiant dose, particularly in the first in vitro screening.The retarded effect of raw toxin extract of the race ZA1 on pollen-callus induction in anther culture was more obvious than that of ZB15.The somato-clone was more suscepfive to 60Co-gamma rays than microspore-clone within 4-8 Kr. This study shows the possible potential of the induced variation by 60Co-gamma rays together with the raw toxin extract of P. oryzae being applied to screening rice resistant mutants in vitro.
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[1] A.Micke,1985,突变育种的成就与展望。原子能农业应用增刊:15~17。 [13] 冷观涕等,1983,γ射线对玉米不同倍性细胞无性系增值和分化的影响。原子能农业应用2:9~13。
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