甘薯瘟浸注接种蕃茄的显症因素与对侵染源的带菌检查
FACTORS OF TOMATO SYMPTOM APPEARANCE BY INJECTING-INFILTRATING SWEET POTATO Psedomonas solanacearum AND ITS USAGE TO DETECT THE BACTERIUM
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摘要: 用甘薯瘟菌液在不同条件下对番茄苗叶片浸注接种。显示出其叶上产生枯斑和溢菌的迟早和程度主要取决于接种体浓度;温度大于或小于30℃时亦受影响;光照有抑制作用;顶芽下嫩叶层反应较敏感;强毒菌系表现的潜育期稍短。从病区采集土、苗、粪和水样品检查结果表明;重病薯田及其后作秋大豆皆高度带菌,后作甘薯的中度带菌;后作水稻的难于检出带菌。症状明显的薯苗检出高度带菌,症状不明显的低度带菌。病田畦沟水和病株喂猪后在粪便皆高度带菌。此法能较快并有效地检出不同侵染源样品中的甘薯瘟青枯菌。Abstract: Solutions of the sweet potato blast bacteria (pseudomonas sola-nacearvm Smith) were inoculated to leaf pulp tissues of tomato, an indicator plant of the bacterium, with injection-infiltration in different conditions. The results showed that the period of occura-nce, the amount of the oozes and necrotic spots were chiefly determined by the concentrations of inocula, affected by temperature when it rose above 30℃ or decreased below 30℃ and retarded by light. Tender leaves beneath the terminal bud were the most susceptible to the bacteria. The incubation period in the plants by strains with stronger pathogenicity was slightly shorter.Samples of sweet potato seedlings, soils, waters and animal manures were ollected from diseased areas for detection. The Results indicated that the rate of bacterium-bearing was high in both of the sweet potato fields with high disease rate and the fields of their after-reap fall-sown soybean, moderate in their after-reap sugarcane and rare in their after-reap rice. High rate of bacterium-bearing was found in the sweet potato plants with clear symptoms, but low in the plants with no evident symptoms. High rate of bacterium-bearing was also found in the pitch waters of diseased fields and the dung excreated by pigs that had Keen fed with diseased plants. The above method was therefore concluded to be a quick and effective way to detect the sweet potato blast bacteria from various infection sources.
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[2] 方树民,1982b。廿薯瘟的注射浸润接种技术。福建农业科技,C6):29
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