摘要:
本文研究了白背飞虱、褐飞虱及其主要捕食性天敌(尖钩宽龟蝽、黑肩绿盲蝽、草间小黑蛛、拟环蚊狼蛛、八斑球腹蛛、青翅隐翅虫、丝龟蝽、锥腹蛸肖蛛、白斑花跳蛛和稻红瓢虫)种群的空间、时间生态位宽度与重叠。研究结果表明,稻飞虱和白背飞虱种群空间、时间生态位宽度小于其他被测天敌,说明褐飞虱和白背飞虱种群空间活动范围以及时间利用幅度小于被测天敌。褐飞虱分别与草间小黑蛛和黑肩绿盲蝽、拟环纹狼蛛空间、时间生态位重叠大于与其他的被测天敌,白背飞虱分别与锥腹蛸肖蛛和尖钩宽龟蝽的空间、时间生态位重叠大于与其他被测天敌。说明褐飞虱与草间小黑蝽和黑肩绿盲蝽种群空间、时间关系密切。白背飞虱与锥腹蛸肖蛛和尖钩宽龟蝽种群空间、时间关系密切。
Abstract:
The ecological niche widths and overlaps of the time and space for the populations between the rice plant hoppers and their preda-ceous nature enemies from the rice fields were tested. The popuala-tions tested included: Nilaparvala lugens, Sogatela furcifera, Micraspis discolor, Paederus fuscipes, Microvelia horvathi, Hydrometa albolineata. Cyrtorrhinus tividipemis, Erigonidiumm graminicolum, Theridium octoma-culaium, Tetragnatha iaponica, Lycosa pseudoannulata, Bianar hotingchlehi. The result showed that the timal and spatial niche widths of the populations, Nilaparvala lugens and Sogatela furcifera, were smaller than that of the others. The timal and spatial niche width indecated the limitaion of the activities for the two populations during the rice growing. When the timal and spatial niche widths of the rice plant hopper populations were similar to that of the predaceous nature enemy populations, the good environment for the predaceous nature enemies controling the rice plant hoppers were formed. The larger valus of the timal and spatial niche overlaps between the pests and the enemies exist in the pairs between N. lugens and E. graminicolum, N. lugens and C. tividipemis, S. furcifera and C. tividipemis indicating the relationships between them are clossed. If both timal and spatial niche overlaps of the populations between the pests and the enemies were large in the same time, the efficiency for the enemies preying on the pests would be hight.
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