福建省主要耕地土壤有效硅含量及硅肥施用效果研究
studies on Avallabie Silicon in Soil. and the Effct of SI Fertillzer In Cultivatd Land of Fujian
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摘要: 本文通过田间、盆栽的试验,以及样品分析,结果表明,我省耕地土壤可溶态有效硅多在100mg/kg以下。水稻、甘薯、甘蔗、香蕉等作物施用硅钙肥,增产显着。水稻一般每公顷施300~750kg硅钙肥,可增产5%~15%.同时硅素还有利水稻对氮、磷吸收,并加速向穗部运转,虽然钾吸收量减少,但稻谷产量却提高。施用硅钙肥、水稻稻飞虱虫口密度可减少20%~60%,香蕉束顶病发病率降低25%~50%.我省硅资源丰富,应开发利用。Abstract: The field trial and pot experiment were condunted and the soil samples collected from allsites in the provinc were analysed to determine the content of availabl silicon and the effect ofSifertilizer in soil.The results showed that the available silicon content in cultivated land of Fu如nprovince was basically below the critical value (100 mg/kg).The yield of rice.sweetpotato.sugarcane.banana and other crops could be significantly increased when silicon calcium fertilizer wasapplied.Generally.the rice yield could be raisd by 5%-15% when 300-750 kg/hm=siliconcalcium fertilizer was applied.Moreover, silicon could facilitate the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by rice plants and accelerate N.P transfer to ears.Althrough the absorbed amount of K wasreduced, the rice grain yield increased.Application of silicon calcium fertilizer could reduce thepopulation of rice planthopper by 20%-60%and the incidence of banana bunchy top by 25%-50%.The silicon resource in Fujian province is avilable.so it can be further utilized.
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Key words:
- Availability of silicon /
- Cultivated soil /
- Si fertilizer
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[1] 减感林.1987.土坡有效硅含t变化的初步研究.土城,19(30):123——126 [4] 张效补,减感林.1980.粉煤灰硅钙肥的增产原因及其有效施用条件.土城,18(2):67~72 [6] 省土普办.1991.福建土城.福建科技出版社,福州 [8] 胡家琪.硅对水稻的生理功能及其营养诊断.浙江科技情报所((1982.9.16)
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