长期施用有机物料对红壤性水稻土肥力的影响
Effect of Successive Application of Organic Materials on Fertility of Red earth-derived Paddy Soils
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摘要: 本研究对低肥力红壤进行了13年连续施用不同有机物料的改土效果试验。结果表明:有机物料对增加土壤有机复合体的数量作用显着,同时复合体的质量也有不同程度的提高。原土复合量的增加顺序是:猪粪>红萍、稻草、绿肥>对照。追加复合量的增加顺序是:猪粪>红萍>稻草>绿肥。与此相反,由于猪粪的当季投碳量高而当季分解率低,因此猪粪的追加复合度则是最低的。有机物料有利于大团聚体的形成,酶活性的提高。过氧化氢酶活性提高了70%～80%,转化酶活性提高了20%～40%.红萍是投碳效率最好的有机物料之一。红萍主要改善土壤的氮供给;稻草主要改善土壤的钾供给;猪粪主要改善土壤的磷,其次是氮的供给。Abstract: The effect of organic materials(O.M.)on improving the fertility of red earth-derived paddy soil was monitored for 13 successive years.Result indicated that O.M.markedly increased the amount of Organo- mineral complex in soil and, in varying degree, bettered its quality.The complex quantities of initial soil in decreasing order were:Pig manure(treatment)>Azolla, Green manure,Rice straw >Blank and additional complex quantities were: Pig manure > Azolla > Rice straw>Green manure.However, the additional complex degree of pig manure treatment was the lowest because of its high carbon input and low decomposition in present season.O.M.was benefi- cial to the formation of coarse aggregation and the increase of the enzyme activities, such as cata- lase by 70%- 80%and converzyme by 20%- 40%.Azolla is one of the best organic materials with high efficiency of carbon humification.Azolla mainly bettered nitrogen supply of soil, and rice straw improved potassium and pig manure improved phosphorus and then nitrogen.
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