复合微生物菌剂对毛竹土壤细菌群落结构的影响

袁宗胜

复合微生物菌剂对毛竹土壤细菌群落结构的影响

袁宗胜

闽江学院地理与海洋学院，福建　福州　350108

基金项目: 福建省林业科技研究项目（2021FKJ07）

详细信息

作者简介:
袁宗胜（1976 —），男，博士，副教授，主要从事森林资源培育、微生物等方面研究，E-mail：yuanzs369@163.com

中图分类号: Q938
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-17
- 修回日期: 2023-11-13
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-26

Effects of applied microbial cultures on the soil bacteria community structure of Phyllostachys edulis

YUAN Zongsheng

College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian　350108

摘要

摘要: 目的探究复合微生物菌剂[产气肠杆菌（Enterobacter aerogenes）CT-B09-2、解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）JL-B06和乙酸钙不动杆菌（Acinetobacter calcoaceticus）WYS-A01-1]对毛竹土壤细菌群落结构和多样性的影响。方法以毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）实生幼苗为研究对象，采用灌根的方式施用复合微生物菌剂，施用复合微生物菌剂30 d后采集毛竹幼苗根际与非根际土壤样本，测定土壤理化性质，提取土壤总DNA并进行16S rRNA高通量测序，分析复合微生物菌剂对土壤细菌群落结构和多样性的影响。结果复合微生物菌剂可以有效提升土壤中速效磷的含量，调控土壤pH，提高根际土壤中物质代谢和碳化合物分解相关的功能活性。毛竹根际与非根际土壤共检测出26门、65纲、158目、253科、448属、674种。主要优势菌门以变形菌门 Proteobacteria、拟杆菌门 Firmicutes、放线菌门 Actinobacteriota、酸杆菌门 Acidobacteriota、绿弯菌门 Chloroflexi等为主。施用复合微生物菌剂后，毛竹根际土壤微生物群落物种数目显著上升，非根际土壤样本无显著变化；结论复合微生物菌剂可以调节土壤矿质元素，改善土壤pH，调控细菌微生物群落组成。
- 微生物菌剂 /
- 毛竹 /
- 土壤细菌群落 /
- 多样性
Abstract: : Objective To explore the effects of microbial cultures（Enterobacter aerogenes CT-B09-2、Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JL-B06 and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus WYS-A01-1）on the structure and diversity of Phyllostachys edulis soil bacterial communities. Method Taking P. edulis seedlings as the research object, compound microbial cultures were applied by root irrigation. 30 days after the application, rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples of P. edulis seedlings were collected to measure soil physical and chemical properties. Total soil DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the impact of compound microbial cultures on soil bacterial community structure and diversity. Results The compound microbial cultures can effectively increase the content of available phosphorus in soil, regulate soil pH, and improved the functional activities related to material metabolism and decomposition of carbon compounds in rhizosphere soil. 26 phyla, 65 classes, 158 orders, 253 families, 448 genera, and 674 species were detected in P. edulis rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. The main dominant bacterial phyla are Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, and Chloroflexi. After the application of compound microbial cultures, the number of species in the rhizosphere soil microbial community of P. edulis increased significantly, but there was no significant change in non-rhizosphere soil samples. Conclusion The compound microbial cultures can regulate soil mineral elements, improve soil pH, and regulate the composition of bacterial microbial community.
- microbial cultures /
- Phyllostachys edulis /
- soil bacterial community /
- diversity

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图 1 样本稀释曲线和Venn图

A：稀释曲线；B：（a）微生物菌剂施用的根际土壤ASV对比；（b）微生物菌剂施用的非根际土壤ASV对比；（c）样本总体ASV对比。

Figure 1. Sample dilution curve and Venn diagram

A: dilution curve; B: (a) Comparison of rhizosphere soil ASV treated with microbial cultures; (b) Comparison of non-rhizosphere soil ASV treated with microbial cultures; (c) Sample population ASV comparison.

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图 2 NMDS分析

Figure 2. NMDS analysis

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图 3 门水平下的物种相对丰度

A：相对丰度；B：样本间显著差异箱图。

Figure 3. Relative species abundance at phylum level

A: histogram of relative abundance; B: Box chart of significant differences between samples.

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图 4 属水平下的物种相对丰度

A：相对丰度；B：样本间显著差异箱图。

Figure 4. Relative abundance of species at the genus level

A: histogram of relative abundance; B: Box chart of significant differences between samples.

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图 5 样本环境因子与门水平物种RDA分析

Figure 5. RDA analysis of sample environmental factors and phylum level species

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图 6 土壤细菌功能预测分析

Figure 6. Prediction and analysis of soil bacterial function

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表 1 样本编号对照表

Table 1. Sample number comparison table

样本类型 Sample type	分组 group
对照组毛竹根际土壤	E0
对照组毛竹非根际土壤	F0
复合微生物菌剂处理组毛竹根际土壤	E1
复合微生物菌剂处理组毛竹非根际土壤	F1

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表 2 土壤理化性质

Table 2. Difference test of physical and chemical properties of soil samples

样本 Sample	有机质 OM/ (g·kg⁻¹)	速效磷 AP（μmol·g⁻¹）	速效钾 AK（mg·kg⁻¹）	全钾 TK（g·kg⁻¹）	全氮 TN（g·kg⁻¹）	全磷 TP（mg·kg⁻¹）	速效氮 AN（mg·kg⁻¹）	pH
E0	20.81±0.01a	4.42±0.02c	329.12±0.02b	14.79±0.02b	0.97±0.02a	507.04±0.02b	86.34±0.01a	5.68±0.01d
E1	7.67±0.01c	4.82±0.03a	196.71±0.01d	13.75±0.02c	0.75±0.03b	480.41±0.03c	43.03±0.02c	5.88±0.01c
F0	17.84±0.01b	4.50±0.01b	341.53±0.03a	15.84±0.04a	0.99±0.01a	531.07±0.04a	68.96±0.04b	6.14±0.02b
F1	7.01±0.01d	4.51±0.01b	261.03±0.04c	13.73±0.03c	0.77±0.02b	488.1±0.02c	47.05±0.03c	6.54±0.02a
图中数据为平均值±标准差；同列数据后不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著（P ＜ 0.05）。表3同。 The data in the figure are mean ± standard deviation; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (P＜0.05). Same for Table 3.

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表 3 Alpha 多样性指数

Table 3. Alpha diversity index

样本 Sample	丰度指数 ACE	查尔指数 Chao1	香农指数 Shannon	辛普森指数 Simpson
E0	479.84±32.70b	479.76±32.55b	5.74±0.11a	0.0048±0.001b
E1	539.52±80.66a	539.20±80.37a	5.76±0.06a	0.0055±0.001b
F0	493.95±96.69b	493.66±96.37b	5.67±0.19a	0.0054±0.001b
F1	489.88±127.07b	489.25±126.73b	5.56±0.29a	0.0079±0.004a

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表 4 细菌功能表达丰度

Table 4. Significant differences in bacterial function

功能分组 Functional groups	E0	E1	F0	F1
光养 phototrophy	1.54±0.37c	1.61±0.09b	2.62±0.26a	2.32±0.26a
光合自养 photoautotrophy	1.47±0.38d	1.61±0.09c	2.6±0.29a	2.26±0.32b
蓝细菌 cyanobacteria	1.23±0.36d	1.55±0.04c	2.56±0.35a	2.26±0.32b
含氧光合自养 oxygenic photoautotrophy	1.23±0.36d	1.55±0.04c	2.56±0.35a	2.26±0.32b
固氮作用 nitrogen fixation	3.98±1.90a	1.94±0.20b	0.75±0.31c	0.67±0.36c
硝酸呼吸 nitrate respiration	0.98±0.58a	0.26±0.12c	0.84±0.32b	0.20±0.09c
氮呼吸 nitrogen respiration	0.98±0.58a	0.26±0.12b	0.84±0.32a	0.20±0.09b
纤维素分解 cellulolysis	1.04±0.50a	0.5±0.32b	0.16±0.02c	0.15±0.16c
甲基营养 methylotrophy	0.19±0.01a	0.05±0.08c	0.19±0.02a	0.08±0.05b
甲醇氧化 methanol oxidation	0.19±0.01a	0.05±0.08c	0.19±0.02a	0.08±0.05b
铁呼吸 iron respiration	0.00±0.00d	0.02±0.03c	0.14±0.04a	0.07±0.07b
芳香烃碳氢降解 aromatic hydrocarbon degradation	0.00±0.00c	0.02±0.02b	0.00±0.00c	0.09±0.07a
脂族非甲烷碳氢化合物降解 aliphatic non methane hydrocarbon degradation	0.00±0.00c	0.02±0.02b	0.00±0.00c	0.09±0.07a
碳氢化合物降解 hydrocarbon degradation	0.00±0.00c	0.02±0.02b	0.00±0.00c	0.09±0.07a

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